Вопрос № 223771 - Английский язык

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How many bricks is the average man able to handle in an eight-hour working day?
A brick is best described as “a building unit”. It may be made of burnt clay, of concrete, of mortar or of a composition of sawdust and other materials; in shape it is a rectangular solid and its weight is from 6 to 9 lb.
The shape and convenient size of a brick enables a man to grip it with an easy confidence and, because of this, brick-building has been popular for many hundreds of years. The hand of the average man is large enough to take a brick and he is able to handle more than 500 bricks in an eight-hour working day.

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In modern times bricks can be made of concrete, mortar, of burnt clay and of a combination of some other substances. For example, different types of clay and shale can be used as raw materials. Accordingly, bricks produced nowadays have different sizes, shapes, colours, and textures. Bricks also vary with the method of fabrication and temperatures of burning. It should be noted that some types of brick, such as, for example, salmon bricks are underburnt and highly porous. Naturally, their strength is extremely poor. This property of salmon brick should be taken into account when choosing brick material for construction. But there exist many other types of brick that are extremely strong and almost glass hard. Between these extremes there lie some other types of brick with different properties. Brick properties are of great importance and should be taken into account while choosing material for construction purposes.
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Different types of clay and shale …

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A man, who has been an apprentice for some years in a building trade and has therefore enough skill to be considered a skilled worker at his trade, is called tradesman or craftsman.
He may be a carpenter-and-joiner, bricklayer, mason, slater-and-tiler, plumber, electrician, house painter, glazier, floor-and-wall tiler, paper-hanger, steeplejack, hot water fitter and so on.

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In the North of Moscow, and visible for miles around, rises the giant reinforced tower of Moscow’s TV centre. The tower was built in 1968 to a design by D.Burdin, M.Shkud and L.Shchipakin. Altogether 533-m high, the TV tower has an observation platform and a restaurant at the height of 328 metres. The restaurant revolves slowly round the tower and offers a splendid circular view of Moscow. Despite its enormous size the tower seems amazingly light. It replaced the old iron-girder tower in Shabolovka Street, built by the engineer I.Shukhov. Yet, unlike its predecessor, this TV tower does not play a purely functional role but is at the same time a most important architectural landmark. The multistory building of the TV centre stands alongside the tower.

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Nowadays plastics can be applied to almost every branch of building, from the laying of foundation to the final coat of paint.
A lot of decorative plastics now available has brought about a revolution in interior and exterior design. But plastics are used now not only for decoration. These materials are sufficiently rigid to stand on their own without any support. They can be worked with ordinary builders’ tools.

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Laminate is a strong material manufactured from many layers of paper or textile impregnated with thermosetting resins. This sandwich is then pressed and subjected to heat. Laminate has been developed for both inside and outside use. It resists severe weather conditions for more than ten years without serious deformation. As a structural material it is recommended for exterior work. Being used for surfacing, laminate gives the tough surface.