Прочитайте текст. In 1982 the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms became a fundamental part of t...: ответ на тест 1072691 - Английский язык

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In 1982, the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms became a fundamental part of the Canadian Constitution. The Charter sets out the basic rights and liberties of each person in Canada, which must be respected by all governments. Anyone who believes these rights have been violated may apply to the courts for redress.
The Charter protects rights and liberties in the following areas:
– fundamental freedoms;
– democratic rights;
– mobility rights;
– language rights;
– equality rights;
– legal rights;
– minority language education rights.
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What does the Canadian Charter set out?

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In some states the fundamental rights and liberties are protected within the Constitution itself. In other states a Bill of Rights is annexed to the Constitution subject to the same overriding primacy as the Constitution itself. In yet other states, fundamental rights are guaranteed by a Basic Law, falling short of the Constitution itself but remaining paramount over the ordinary legislation of the state. It has to be remembered that the effectiveness of the protection of human rights is dependent only in part on the rights and liberties set out in the relevant law. There are many instances of states whose constitutions contain an impressive series of human rights provisions which are not observed in practice.
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In some states the fundamental rights and liberties are protected …

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The Constitution specifically recognizes and affirms the existing aboriginal and treaty rights of the aboriginal peoples of Canada.
The laws that deal with private matters between individuals, such as property ownership, family responsibilities and business transactions, vary from province to province.
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What does Canada’s Constitution specifically recognize and affirm?

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The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP), maintained by the federal government, is Canada’s national police force. The RCMP enforces many federal statutes, with particular emphasis on criminal and narcotics laws.
The provinces of Ontario and Quebec have their own police forces.
Some municipalities employ a local police force. Where no municipal force exists, local services are provided by either the federal or the provincial force.

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The police have many functions in the legal process. Though they are mainly concerned with criminal law, they may also be used to enforce judgments made in civil courts. As well as gathering information for offences to be prosecuted in the courts, the police have wide powers to arrest, search and question people suspected of crimes and to control the actions of members of the public during public demonstrations and assemblies. In some countries, the police have judicial functions, for example, they may make a decision as to guilt in a driving offense and impose a fine, without the involvement of a court, in Britain, when someone is found in possession of marijuana, the police may confiscate it and issue a formal warning rather than refer the matter to a court.
The mere presence of the police is a factor in deterring people from committing, offences.

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Many controversies cannot be settled by the parties or by arbitration. When other methods for resolving conflicts and controversies cannot or have not succeeded there must be an ultimate method for accomplishing this goal. Our system of government has selected courts for this purpose. Courts settle controversies between persons and between persons and the state.
The role of law applied by the court to the facts as found by the jury or court produces a decision that settles the controversy. Although there are obviously other agencies of government that resolve controversies, it is peculiar to our system that for final decision all controversies may ultimately end up in court.