Вопрос № 1072253 - Английский язык

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Diseases tend to spread more rapidly among hogs, 1_______, and other livestock that are kept in confined areas. Young animals also tend to become infected easily. Scientists conduct many research programs to 2_______ new ways of combating livestock diseases. These experts work to identify and eliminate the organisms that spread such diseases as salmonella and 3_______. Identification of specific genes that produce resistance to diseases can also lead to 4_______ animals.

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Livestock are domestic animals that are used to produce food and many other valuable products. The chief kinds of livestock raised throughout the world are cattle, hogs, poultry, sheep, and horses. Other kinds of livestock include donkeys, goats, mules, and rabbits. In some countries, farmers raise lamas, reindeer, buffaloes and yaks. The science of raising, breeding, and caring for livestock is called animal science.
Several thousand years ago, people began to domesticate and raise various kinds of livestock. The use of domesticated animals as a source of food and power made it possible for people to settle in one place. They then could begin farming. Through the centuries, farmers improved their livestock through various breeding methods.
In most parts of the world, livestock provide such food products as meat, butter, cheese, eggs, and milk. The skins of some livestock provide such valuable by-products as fur, hair, leather, and wool.
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Agriculture, one of Britain’s most important industries, supplies nearly two-third of the country’s food. British 1_______ is efficient, for it is based on modern technology and research. Nearly 80 % of the land is used for agriculture. The total agricultural acreage of Great Britain is about 45000000 acres. Soils vary from the poor ones of highland Britain to the rich fertile soils in the 2_______ and south-eastern parts of England. Britain is self-sufficient in milk, eggs, meat, potatoes, wheat. However, it needs to import butter, cheese, sugar and some other agricultural 3_______. There are about 55000 farms in 4_______.

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Diseases tend to spread more rapidly among hogs, 1_______, and other livestock that are kept in confined areas. Young animals also tend to become infected easily. Scientists conduct many research programs to 2_______ new ways of combating livestock diseases. These experts work to identify and eliminate the organisms that spread such diseases as salmonella and 3_______. Identification of specific genes that produce resistance to diseases can also lead to 4_______ animals.

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In spite of the swift progress in all branches of science and 1_______ agriculture remains the main source of providing the population with food. It supplies the necessary raw materials for the food and light industries which 2_______ large quantities of consumer goods and food products. Intensification of animal husbandry – better feeding and selection, introduction of the achievements of science and advanced 3_______, and greater mechanization – ensures a constant increase in the output of animal products. Specialization and concentration in animal husbandry is increasing, units for fattening of cattle, pigs and poultry are set up and large industrialized farms for the production of pork, 4_______, eggs, and milk have been established around cities.

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All crops require nutrients and water to grow. Soil supplies most of the nutrients. It also stores the water that the crops need. Crops differ, however, in the amount of nutrients and water they require for healthy growth. A farmer must therefore make sure that the soil and water resources meet the needs of each crop. A farmer must also plan measures to control pests, which could damage or ruin a crop. Most farmers plan their methods of soil and water management and of pest control well in advance of the growing season.
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What do all crops require to grow?