Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу словами In many fields the science of th...: ответ на тест 782129 - Английский язык

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In many fields the science of the Mayas surpassed that of the Greeks and 1_______. Possessing a profound knowledge of mathematics and 2_______ they had achieved a rare degree of perfection in chronology and everything pertaining to calendar-making. In Chichen Itza they 3_______ observatories whose domes were better orientated than the one erected in Paris in the 17th century. They had adopted a sacred year of 260 days, a solar of 365 days and a Venusian year of 584 days. The exact duration of the solar year has been fixed at 365.2422 days. The Mayas put it at 365.2420 days, - i.e. with a decimal point of the number we have arrived after lengthy calculations. It is 4_______ that the Egyptians arrived at the same approximation, but to establish that we should have to believe in concordances in the Pyramids which are doubtful, whereas we actually possess the Mayas calendar.

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In many fields the science of the Mayas surpassed that of the Greeks and 1_______. Possessing a profound knowledge of mathematics and 2_______ they had achieved a rare degree of perfection in chronology and everything pertaining to calendar-making. In Chichen Itza they 3_______ observatories whose domes were better orientated than the one erected in Paris in the 17th century. They had adopted a sacred year of 260 days, a solar of 365 days and a Venusian year of 584 days. The exact duration of the solar year has been fixed at 365.2422 days. The Mayas put it at 365.2420 days, - i.e. with a decimal point of the number we have arrived after lengthy calculations. It is 4_______ that the Egyptians arrived at the same approximation, but to establish that we should have to believe in concordances in the Pyramids which are doubtful, whereas we actually possess the Mayas calendar.

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Exploration for oil around the Scottish shores has become a very big 1_______. This is an account of how oil is extracted from beneath the North Sea.
To get the oil out, four production problems will be used: huge structures, three made of concrete and one of 2_______, designed to work for 25 years or more. Instead of floating, they are planted firmly on the sea bed and designed to stand up to the worst of sea and weather. From each platform a series of holes is 3_______, some going almost straight down, others drilled at an 4_______ away from the platform so that a large volume of oil can be extracted. The oil does not lie there like a great swimming pool full of black liquid, it is trapped in small spaces between the porous rocks. To get as much as possible out many separate holes have to be drilled.

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The first scientists to study colour was Sir Isaac Newton. He was an English 1_______ who lived from 1642 to 1727. Newton was the first person to 2_______ white light into different colours.
In 1861 another English scientist, James Clerk Maxwell, showed that he could make other colours by mixing the primary colours – red, blue and yellow – in different ways. These other colours are called secondary and tertiary colours. We make secondary colours by 3_______ two primary colours together. For example, red and yellow become orange, yellow and blue become green, and blue and red become violet. We make tertiary colour with one 4_______ colour.
We can make a room look bigger or smaller, hotter or colder by using colour. Green and blue are cold colours. They can also make a room look bigger. Red, orange and yellow are hot colours. They can make a room look smaller.

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There have been many 1_______ number systems in the world. A long time ago the Babylonians counted in 60s and today computers count in 2s – using only 1 and 0. We call this 2-number system the binary system. Most systems, however, count in 10s. This is because we have 10 fingers. We call this system the decimal 2_______ from ‘decem’, the Latin word for 10.
The Romans used letters like I, V, X and C to count in 10s but these are not very easy to use. The numbers most people use today come from India. We think they 3_______ by the Hindu people there. In the Hindu system the place of each number is important. For example, 832 is a different number to 238 or 382. The Hindu system was also used by the Arabs, and we now call them Arabic numbers. In about the 12th century an Italian called Leonardo Fibonacci wrote a book about 4_______ numbers, and people all over Europe began using these numbers.
We do not know who invented the decimal point, but we know that in 1585 a man called Simon Stevin wrote  a book about the decimal point. The book was called ‘The Tenth’. Before we knew about the decimal point, we had to use fractions like Ѕ and system ѕ when we talked about numbers smaller than 1.

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The 1_______ Revolution of the 18th century resulted from the discovery of steam power. Until then, everything had to be powered by 2_______ or animals, and the power that they made, even when they were 3_______ together, was quite small. Then came steam engines that were 4_______ enough to run large machines and pull long trains.