Вопрос № 256507 - Английский язык

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The first law of thermodynamics is merely the law of conservation applied to the transformation of heat into work. It may be stated as follows: when work is expended in producing heat the quantity of heat generated is equivalent to the work done; and conversely, when heat is employed to do work, a quantity of heat precisely equivalent to the work done disappears.
The second law of thermodynamics is essentially the law of degradation of energy. Whereas the first law gives a relation that must be satisfied in any transformation of energy, it is the second law that gives information regarding the possibility of transformation and the availability of a given form of energy for transformation into work. A general statement of the second law is: “No change in a system of bodies that takes place of itself can increase the available energy of the system”.
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One of the laws of thermodynamics is the law of conservation applied to the transformation of _________________.

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Thermodynamics is that branch of physics which deals with the conversion of mechanical energy into thermal energy and the reverse process of transforming heat into work.
The production of heat by mechanical means may be illustrated by the phenomenon of friction. For example, fire may be started while rubbing together two sticks of wood. Heat is developed when compressing a gas. The transformation of heat into work may be illustrated by operation of a steam or gas engine by means of which heat may be transformed into mechanical energy.
So a heat engine is a machine for transforming heat into mechanical energy, the most important of the practical heat engines being the steam engine and the internal combustion engines.
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The production of heat by mechanical means may be illustrated _____________.

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The first law of thermodynamics is merely the law of conservation applied to the transformation of heat into work. It may be stated as follows: when work is expended in producing heat the quantity of heat generated is equivalent to the work done; and conversely, when heat is employed to do work, a quantity of heat precisely equivalent to the work done disappears.
The second law of thermodynamics is essentially the law of degradation of energy. Whereas the first law gives a relation that must be satisfied in any transformation of energy, it is the second law that gives information regarding the possibility of transformation and the availability of a given form of energy for transformation into work. A general statement of the second law is: “No change in a system of bodies that takes place of itself can increase the available energy of the system”.
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One of the laws of thermodynamics is the law of conservation applied to the transformation of _________________.

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By 2050 water will have become one of our most serious problems. In many places, agriculture is changing and they are growing fruit and vegetables to export. This uses a lot of water. Demand for water will increase ten times between now and 2050 and there could be serious shortages. Some futurologists predict that water could be the cause of war if we don’t act now.
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Some futurologists predict that _______.

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It was in 1819, in Vevey, that Francois-Louis Cailler set up a small business making and selling cocoa and chocolate.
It eventually became the first Swiss chocolate factory. Handmade chocolate was already made in other countries but Cailler was the first to put the idea of making chocolate by machine. The business developed and in 1898, Alexander Cailler, his grandson, left Vevey and built a new factory at Broc in the heart of Gruyиre district, an area well-known for the richness of its milk. The following year there were 120 workers at the factory and by 1906 over a thousand people were employed there. By this time the chocolate industry had become an important part of the Swiss economy.
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By this time the chocolate industry had become _______.

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The biggest pizza was about more than thirty metres across.
The longest sausage was more than twenty-one kilometers long.
The heaviest animal in the world is the blue whale. In 1947 one blue whale weighed 190 tonnes.
The oldest goat lived in New Zealand. When it died it was seventeen years and eight months old.
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The longest sausage was ________.