Вопрос № 911483 - Английский язык

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Lead is now a very expensive metal. At one time it was used extensively for roofing and for water piping because of its softness and resistance to corrosion. But later copper and iron have taken its place. Lead is a gray malleable metal which melts at 327 ̊C, which is low for a metal. Lead is still used for roofing and for making waste pipes and sink traps because it is easily bent into shape; storage battery (accumulator) plates; storage tanks for sulphuric acid; lead shot; solder; screens to stop harmful radiation from radioactive substances. Lead monoxide is used for making glass that is brilliant and sparkling, i.e. decorative tableware.
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Lead melts at 327 °C, which is …

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We use metals for a variety of engineering purposes. Some metals have ductile properties. If a metal is ductile, it can be pressed into a new shape. Copper is an example of this. It is a ductile metal because it can be stretched into another shape. Lead can be also pressed into a new shape.
Copper is a good conductor of electricity. We often use it for electrical conductors. And lead can be used for electrical cables because it resists corrosion.
Cast iron is unlike copper and lead. Its shape cannot be altered and it is not able to resist corrosion.
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What kind of conductor is copper?

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Where are steels of low carbon content used?
The most important metal in industry is iron and its alloy – steel. Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon. It is strong but corrodes easily through rusting, although stainless and other special steels resist corrosion. The amount of carbon in steel influences its properties considerably. Steels of low carbon content (mild steels) are quite ductile and are used in the manufacture of sheet iron, wire and pipes. Medium-carbon steels containing from 0.2 to 0.4 per cent carbon are tougher and stronger and are used as structural steels. Both mild and medium-carbon steels are suitable for forging and welding. High-carbon steels contain from 0.4 to 1.5 per cent carbon, are hard and brittle and are used in cutting tools, surgical instruments, razor blades and springs. Tool steel also called silver steel, contains about 1 per cent carbon and it is strengthened and toughened by quenching and tempering.

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Why is wood used for making boxes?
Wood is used for making shelves because it is soft and therefore can be cut easily. It can also be used for making boxes because you can hammer nails into them and join them together. And it can be used in fires, because it is combustible.

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Where did Fred carry the ladder?
Fred had an accident yesterday – he cut his head badly. He’s in hospital now. What happened was this. He took the metal ladder from the store room and carried it into the machine shop. Then he put it onto some boxes next to the main door of the workshop (which was closed, but not locked), and climbed the ladder. While he was repairing the electric cable, someone opened the door and walked into the workshop. The door hit the ladder, and the ladder fell over. Fred fell from the ladder onto the floor. He landed on his feet, but there was some oil on the floor and he slipped, and cut his head on a drilling table.

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A solid body has a definite form, and tends to keep it; a liquid body must be kept in a vessel and adapts itself to the shape of that vessel, but so as to keep its upper surface horizontal, it tends, moreover, to flow from a higher to lower level. A gas, or a gaseous body, cannot be kept in an open vessel, but must be kept in a vessel closed in all sides; it always fills the vessel completely.