Вопрос № 223827 - Английский язык

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What is a crystal? A crystal is a 1_______ solid made by a natural process. Many substances absorb water from solutions when they crystallize; that is, they unite chemically with a definite proportion of 2_______. The water with which any substance unites during the process of crystallization is called the water of crystallization.
Certain 3_______ substances, for example, washing soda, give up their water of crystallization when they are exposed air; they are then reduced to 4_______. Substances that have this property are called efflorescent, and the process is called efflorescence.

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Most people describe water as a 1_______ liquid. They know that in very cold conditions it becomes a solid called 2_______, and heated on a fire becomes a vapour called steam. But water, they say, is a liquid. Now we know that water consists of molecules composed of two 3_______ of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen, which we describe by the formula H2O. This is equally true of the solid called the ice and the gas called steam. Chemically there is no difference between the gas, the liquid, and the solid, all made up of 4_______ with the formula H2O.

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Aluminium, water, oxygen, and carbon dioxide are substances. Some substances are elements and some substances are compounds. Elements have only one type of atom whereas compounds have more than one type.
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How many types of atom do elements have?

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Boats on canal go through locks to move up or down from one level to another. The locks have large lock gates to let the boats in and out. They also have smaller sluice gates; these open and close to control the water level. The scale on the side shows the depth of the water in metres.
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What does the scale on the side of the lock show?

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Mrs. Sara Winchester of San Jose, California, was a very strange woman who built one of the world’s most unusual houses. When she died in 1922, aged 85, she was living alone in a house that had more than 150 rooms and covered an area of land greater than 2,5 hectares.
Mrs. Winchester’s problem was that she believed that if she stopped adding rooms to her house, she would die. Therefore, she employed workmen to keep on building and was happy only when she heard the sound of building. The house, when she bought it in 1884, was quite small, but 38 years later it was huge.
When she bought it, the house had two floors. By the time she died, it had eight. It had three lifts, 48 fireplaces and nine kitchens – none of which was ever used. In total, there were 2,000 doors and 10,000 windows. There were also miles of secret passages and tunnels that no one, not even Mrs. Winchester, knew how to get in to or out of.
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What was Mrs. Winchester’s problem?

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Vernal is a small town in Utah, USA. In 1916 the owners of the bank in Vernal wanted a new building. They wanted the new bank to be made of bricks. However, the bricks came from a town that was very far away, and the brick makers wanted a lot of money to bring the bricks to Vernal.
The owners of the bank did not have enough money, so they found another way of getting the bricks to the town. They asked the brick makers to put them in the post. However, they could only post ten bricks at a time. There were too many packages for the postman in Vernal to take to the bank, and soon the post building was full of bricks. To help the postman, people in the town agreed to collect the bricks and take them to the new bank.
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What way of getting the bricks to the town did the owners of the bank find?