Вопрос № 933208 - Английский язык

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Safety Engineering
This field of engineering has its subject the prevention of accidents. Safety engineers develop methods and procedures to safeguard workers of hazardous occupations. They also assist in designing machinery, factories, ships, and roads, suggesting alternations and improvements to reduce accidents.

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Traffic means everything and everybody is using the roads. Trams and buses taking people to school or to work are traffic. Cars and motorcycles are traffic. People riding bicycles on the roads are traffic. You are a part of the traffic when you walk along the pavement or across the road. Today more people live in cities. As a result, there is a great deal of traffic and many of the roads are too narrow. That is why there are a great many accidents. In cities all over the world thousands of people die or are hurt in traffic accidents. Some people say we must improve our roads. We do it by making them wider and straighter. Accidents often happen on narrow roads or on corners. Drivers cannot see around corners. They cannot see traffic coming towards them. When roads are improved, corners are changed. That is a very good idea to improve the roads.

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Robert Stephenson, the son of George Stephenson was a British 1_______ engineer. He is mostly well-known for the construction of several notable 2_______.
He was born in 1803. He was educated in Newcastle and at the University of Edinburgh. In 1829 he assisted his father in 3_______ a locomotive known as the Rocket, and four years later he was appointed construction engineer of the Birmingham and London 4_______, completed in 1838.
Stephenson built several famous bridges, including the Victoria Bridge in England, the Britannia Bridge in Wales, two bridges across the Nile in Egypt and the Victoria Bridge in Montreal, Canada.

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This is the widest field of engineering, concerned with systems and devices that use 1_______ power and signals. Among the most 2_______ subjects in the field are electric power and machinery, electronic circuits, control systems, computer design, superconductors, solid-state electronics, robotics, lasers, 3_______, consumer electronics, and fibre optics.
Electrical engineering can be divided into four 4_______ branches: electric power and machinery, electronics, communications and control, and computers.

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The electrical system in a car can have either a positive or a negative 1_______. In both systems, the battery leads and terminals must be connected 2_______.
In a car with a positive earth, the positive terminal must be connected to the car body. The negative terminal must be connected to the electrical 3_______.
In a car with a negative earth, the positive terminal must be connected to the electrical system. The negative terminal must be connected to the 4_______ body.

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Engineers in industry work not only with machines but also with people, to determine, for example, how machines can be operated most efficiency by 1_______. This is called ergonomics. The aim of 2_______ is to make the working place more comfortable and the work easier. A small change in the location of the controls of a machine or of its position with relation to other machines or 3_______, or a change in the muscular movements of the operator, often results in greatly increased production. Ergonomics looks for criteria for the efficient design of large, complicated control panels that monitor 4_______ reactor operation.