Вопрос № 800724 - Английский язык

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Once made, an offer does not last forever. If it is not accepted, it ends without any contract arising:
1. at a prescribed time, if so stated in the offer,
2. at the end of a reasonable length of time if the offer does not state how long it will remain open,
3. by rejection of the offer by the offeree,
4. if the offeree makes a counteroffer,
5. if it is revoked (withdrawn) or modified by the offerer before the offeree accepts, or
6. by the death or insanity of the offerer or offeree.
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Does an offer last forever?

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Generally an offeree who accepts an offer must accept it exactly as made. If the offeree changes the offerer’s terms in any important way, the result is a counteroffer. In making a counteroffer the offeree says in legal effect, “I refuse your offer, here is my counteroffer”. Thus, a counteroffer not only terminates the original offer, but also immediately becomes a new offer. The original offer cannot be accepted by the offeree after a counteroffer has been made unless the original offer is renewed by the offerer.
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What is a counteroffer?

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The offerer must intend to create a legal obligation if the proposal is accepted. People often make agreements that no one considers legally enforceable. For example, if two friends make a date to go to the movies, no contract is intended or formed. If either breaks the date, the other may be offended but cannot sue. There is no legal remedy (legal means to enforce a right). That is because social invitations are not intended to create legal obligations.
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What does legal mean?

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Before making a contract, parties will often discuss it. The parties often bargain to reach mutually acceptable terms. Sometimes one party may state tentative terms, inviting other parties to make offers. Advertisements in newspapers and magazines, on radio or TV, or in catalogs or direct mailings are generally invitations to others to make offers. They are not offers themselves. A person who advertises something for sale cannot be expected to sell to the thousands who theoretically might reply to the advertisement. Perhaps the seller has only a limited number of items. However, most business firms attempt to deliver merchandise as advertised to all who want to buy.
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Are advertisements in newspapers and TV always offers?

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There are some important exceptions to the requirement of definiteness. For example, medical, dental, and legal fees are often set after the work is completed. Many workers are employed on a payday basis; the actual length of employment remains uncertain. In contracts between merchants, when either the price or the credit and delivery terms are not specified, current market prices and trade customs may be used to provide such details.
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When are medical, dental, and legal fees often set?

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In business, producers sometimes agree to sell their entire output to a single buyer during a specified period. Sometimes buyers agree to purchase all of certain materials they may need during a given period from a single supplier. In both cases, the actual amounts remain uncertain until the contracts are performed. The parties must act in good faith as to quantities delivered or demanded.
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When do buyers agree to purchase certain materials they need from a single supplier?