Вопрос № 722662 - Английский язык

Укажите коннектор в составе сложного предложения:
However, the reality is that economic developers ...
                                                     Текст I
                                 ECONOMIC DEVELOPERS
(1) Economic development, which is thus essentially economics on a social level, has evolved into a professional industry of highly specialized practitioners. The practitioners have two key roles: to provide leadership in policy-making, and to administer policy, programs, and projects. Economic development practitioners generally work in public offices on the state, regional, or municipal level, or in public-private partnerships organizations that may be partially funded by local, regional, state, or federal tax money. These economic development organizations function as individual entities and in some cases as departments of local governments. Their role is to seek out new economic opportunities and retain their existing business wealth.
(2) With more than 20,000 professional economic developers employed world wide in this highly specialized industry, the International Economic Development Council is a non-profit organization dedicated to helping economic developers do their job more effectively and raising the profile of the profession. It places significant attention on the various activities undertaken by economic development organizations to help them compete and sustain vibrant communities.
(3) There is intense competition between communities, states, and nations for new economic development projects in today's globalized world, and the struggle to attract and retain business is further intensified by the use of many variations of economic incentives to the potential business.
(4) An important aspect of economic development is the use of community profiling tools and database templates to measure community assets versus other communities. Job creation, economic output, and increase in taxable basis are the most common measurement tools. However [1], the reality is that [2] economic developers do not typically create jobs, but [3] facilitate the process for existing businesses and [4] start-ups to do so. Therefore, the economic developer must make sure that there are sufficient economic development programs in place to assist the businesses achieve their goals. Those types of programs are usually policy-created and can be local, regional, statewide and national in nature.     Wikipedia

Определите, в каком компоненте предложения содержится именование носителя темы:   

                                                     Текст I
                                 ECONOMIC DEVELOPERS
 (1) Economic development, which is thus essentially economics on a social level, has evolved into a professional industry of highly specialized practitioners. The practitioners have two key roles: to provide leadership in policy-making, and to administer policy, programs, and projects. Economic development practitioners generally work in public offices on the state, regional, or municipal level, or in public-private partnerships organizations that may be partially funded by local, regional, state, or federal tax money. These economic development organizations function as individual entities and in some cases as departments of local governments. Their role is to seek out new economic opportunities and retain their existing business wealth.
(2) With more than 20,000 professional economic developers employed world wide in this highly specialized industry, the International Economic Development Council is a non-profit organization dedicated to helping economic developers do their job more effectively and raising the profile of the profession. It places significant attention on the various activities undertaken by economic development organizations to help them compete and sustain vibrant communities.
(3) There is intense competition between communities, states, and nations for new economic development projects in today's globalized world, and the struggle to attract and retain business is further intensified by the use of many variations of economic incentives to the potential business.
(4) An important aspect of economic development is the use of community profiling tools and database templates to measure community assets versus other communities. Job creation, economic output, and increase in taxable basis are the most common measurement tools. However, the reality is that economic developers do not typically create jobs, but facilitate the process for existing businesses and start-ups to do so. Therefore, the economic developer must make sure that there are sufficient economic development programs in place to assist the businesses achieve their goals. Those types of programs are usually policy-created and can be local, regional, statewide and national in nature.   Wikipedia

Укажите, с каким компонентом выделенного в тексте предложения соотносится местоимение which.
                                                     Текст I
                                 ECONOMIC DEVELOPERS
 (1) Economic development, which is thus essentially economics on a social level, has evolved into a professional industry of highly specialized practitioners. The practitioners have two key roles: to provide leadership in policy-making, and to administer policy, programs, and projects. Economic development practitioners generally work in public offices on the state, regional, or municipal level, or in public-private partnerships organizations that may be partially funded by local, regional, state, or federal tax money. These economic development organizations function as individual entities and in some cases as departments of local governments. Their role is to seek out new economic opportunities and retain their existing business wealth.
(2) With more than 20,000 professional economic developers employed world wide in this highly specialized industry, the International Economic Development Council is a non-profit organization dedicated to helping economic developers do their job more effectively and raising the profile of the profession. It places significant attention on the various activities undertaken by economic development organizations to help them compete and sustain vibrant communities.
(3) There is intense competition between communities, states, and nations for new economic development projects in today's globalized world, and the struggle to attract and retain business is further intensified by the use of many variations of economic incentives to the potential business.
(4) An important aspect of economic development is the use of community profiling tools and database templates to measure community assets versus other communities. Job creation, economic output, and increase in taxable basis are the most common measurement tools. However, the reality is that economic developers do not typically create jobs, but facilitate the process for existing businesses and start-ups to do so. Therefore, the economic developer must make sure that there are sufficient economic development programs in place to assist the businesses achieve their goals. Those types of programs are usually policy-created and can be local, regional, statewide and national in nature.      Wikipedia

Учитывая функцию модального глагола прогнозировать возможность совершения действия, а также значение глагола must, укажите степень вероятности совершения действия, обозначенного в предложении:
Therefore, the economic developer must make sure … .
                                                     Текст I
                                 ECONOMIC DEVELOPERS
 (1) Economic development, which is thus essentially economics on a social level, has evolved into a professional industry of highly specialized practitioners. The practitioners have two key roles: to provide leadership in policy-making, and to administer policy, programs, and projects. Economic development practitioners generally work in public offices on the state, regional, or municipal level, or in public-private partnerships organizations that may be partially funded by local, regional, state, or federal tax money. These economic development organizations function as individual entities and in some cases as departments of local governments. Their role is to seek out new economic opportunities and retain their existing business wealth.
(2) With more than 20,000 professional economic developers employed world wide in this highly specialized industry, the International Economic Development Council is a non-profit organization dedicated to helping economic developers do their job more effectively and raising the profile of the profession. It places significant attention on the various activities undertaken by economic development organizations to help them compete and sustain vibrant communities.
(3) There is intense competition between communities, states, and nations for new economic development projects in today's globalized world, and the struggle to attract and retain business is further intensified by the use of many variations of economic incentives to the potential business.
(4) An important aspect of economic development is the use of community profiling tools and database templates to measure community assets versus other communities. Job creation, economic output, and increase in taxable basis are the most common measurement tools. However, the reality is that economic developers do not typically create jobs, but facilitate the process for existing businesses and start-ups to do so. Therefore, the economic developer must make sure that there are sufficient economic development programs in place to assist the businesses achieve their goals. Those types of programs are usually policy-created and can be local, regional, statewide and national in nature.            Wikipedia

Учитывая местоположение смыслового компонента в структуре выделенного предложения, определите характер передаваемой им информации.
                                                     Текст I
                                 ECONOMIC DEVELOPERS
 (1) Economic development, which is thus essentially economics on a social level, has evolved into a professional industry of highly specialized practitioners. The practitioners have two key roles: to provide leadership in policy-making, and to administer policy, programs, and projects. Economic development practitioners generally work in public offices on the state, regional, or municipal level, or in public-private partnerships organizations that may be partially funded by local, regional, state, or federal tax money. These economic development organizations function as individual entities and in some cases as departments of local governments. Their role is to seek out new economic opportunities and retain their existing business wealth.
(2) With more than 20,000 professional economic developers employed world wide in this highly specialized industry, the International Economic Development Council is a non-profit organization dedicated to helping economic developers do their job more effectively and raising the profile of the profession. It places significant attention on the various activities undertaken by economic development organizations to help them compete and sustain vibrant communities.
(3) There is intense competition between communities, states, and nations for new economic development projects in today's globalized world, and the struggle to attract and retain business is further intensified by the use of many variations of economic incentives to the potential business.
(4) An important aspect of economic development is the use of community profiling tools and database templates to measure community assets versus other communities. Job creation, economic output, and increase in taxable basis are the most common measurement tools. However, the reality is that economic developers do not typically create jobs, but facilitate the process for existing businesses and start-ups to do so. Therefore, the economic developer must make sure that there are sufficient economic development programs in place to assist the businesses achieve their goals. Those types of programs are usually policy-created and can be local, regional, statewide and national in nature.       Wikipedia

Укажите главный смысловой компонент в составе выделенных в тексте трехчленных словосочетаний.
                                                     Текст I
                                 ECONOMIC DEVELOPERS
 (1) Economic development, which is thus essentially economics on a social level, has evolved into a professional industry of highly specialized practitioners [1]. The practitioners have two key roles: to provide leadership in policy-making, and to administer policy, programs, and projects. Economic development practitioners generally work in public offices on the state, regional, or municipal level, or in public-private partnerships organizations that may be partially funded by local, regional, state, or federal tax      money [2]. These economic development organizations function as individual entities and in some cases as departments of local governments. Their role is to seek out new economic opportunities [3] and retain their existing business wealth.
(2) With more than 20,000 professional economic developers employed world wide in this highly specialized industry, the International Economic Development Council is a non-profit organization dedicated to helping economic developers do their job more effectively and raising the profile of the profession. It places significant attention on the various activities undertaken by economic development organizations to help them compete and sustain vibrant communities.
(3) There is intense competition between communities, states, and nations for new economic development projects in today's globalized world, and the struggle to attract and retain business is further intensified by the use of many variations of economic incentives to the potential business.
(4) An important aspect of economic development is the use of community profiling tools and database templates to measure community assets versus other communities. Job creation, economic output, and increase in taxable basis are the most common measurement tools. However, the reality is that economic developers do not typically create jobs, but facilitate the process for existing businesses and start-ups to do so. Therefore, the economic developer must make sure that there are sufficient economic development programs in place to assist the businesses achieve their goals. Those types of programs are usually policy-created and can be local, regional, statewide and national in nature.        Wikipedia