Прочитайте текст и выберите утверждение соответствующее содержанию текста Only at the end of the 19t...: ответ на тест 223254 - Английский язык

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Only at the end of the 19th century electricity began to play its part in modern civilization. The man who achieved more in this field of practical engineering than any of his contemporaries was the American inventor, Thomas Alva Edison. He became interested in the problem of electric lighting. He knew what had been done in the field of electric lighting before his time, and he had seen some devices of his contemporaries, such as arc-lamp illuminations, which had been installed here and there. Two sticks of carbon, nearly touching, can be made to produce an electric arc which closes the circuit. Many scientists and inventors working in this field knew that only incandescent electric light - produced by some substance glowing in a vacuum so that it cannot burn up - could be used instead of gas lighting.

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Only at the end of the 19th century electricity began to play its part in modern civilization. The man who achieved more in this field of practical engineering than any of his contemporaries was the American inventor, Thomas Alva Edison. He became interested in the problem of electric lighting. He knew what had been done in the field of electric lighting before his time, and he had seen some devices of his contemporaries, such as arc-lamp illuminations, which had been installed here and there. Two sticks of carbon, nearly touching, can be made to produce an electric arc which closes the circuit. Many scientists and inventors working in this field knew that only incandescent electric light - produced by some substance glowing in a vacuum so that it cannot burn up - could be used instead of gas lighting.

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Through the years other machines were invented, both to receive and transmit messages. These machines are called teleprinters. They use a code called the International 5-unit teleprinter code instead of the Morse code. It is called a "5-unit" code because a letter or a figure is made up of five impulses of electrical current, either positive or negative - three positive, two negative; one positive, four negative; and so on. All the letters are the same length in time. This is quite different from the Morse code, where E is the shortest and "nought" the longest.

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Radio was invented in Russia. The world's first receiver was constructed in 1895 by the great Russian scientist Alexander Popov. There were no transmitters then, therefore his receiver could only pick up signals produced by lightning discharges during a thunderstorm. A. Popov demonstrated a device called a "storm indicator" at a meeting of the Russian Physico-Chemical Society in St. Petersburg on May 7, 1895. This day is marked now as Radio Day. Soon Alexander Popov found a way of transmitting Morse code signals. In 1897 he sent the world's first wireless telegram over a distance of 600 m and four years later the range of transmission was increased to 150 km. Nowadays radio communication has no limits.

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Unlike digital computers - which started out as mechanical devices and then went through a brief electromechanical period during the 1930s, finally becoming electronic only in the 1940s - television was an electrical medium from the very beginnings.
Attempts to send images over distances with the use of electricity date to 1876, the year Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone.

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No doubt colour television will eventually supersede black-and-white transmissions. But there are other revolutionary developments to come, such as the “flat” screen - it will replace the conventional receiver box with its cathode-ray tube. The first screen, which can be hung on the wall like a picture, may be no more than 2 to 3 inches thick. It has a fluorescent coating like conventional tubes, but the electrons from the cathode move almost parallel with it instead of striking it at a right angle. They start their journey from an electronic “gun” at the top behind the screen, shooting downwards; at the bottom they are reflected by a “reversing lens” to travel vertically upwards along the screen, which they eventually hit by the influence of a grid of conductors which accumulate electric charges from the electron beam and give them off to the screen. The flat screen will be especially suitable for colour reception.