Вопрос № 256485 - Английский язык

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Beside his work on antiseptics, Joseph Lister made many other contributions to the surgery. Among them was the use of catgut ligature.
To find a material stronger than silk, Lister experimented for over a year. Finally he found catgut. Lister became famous all over the world. Surgeons could now do different operations thanks to antiseptic methods. Lister had become a national and world hero. Gradually, other surgeons began to adopt Lister’s methods. They learned that germs in the air were not the chief danger. The big danger came from germs that might be on the hands or clothes of the surgeons or on the surgical instruments or bandages.
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Gradually, other surgeons began _______.

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It happened in America not longer after its colonization by the Spaniards. A Spaniard stole an Indian’s horse. 1_______. The Indian applied to the court and brought witnesses who could testify it was his horse. 2_______. The Indian knew this, and he invented a trick how to deceive the judge. 3_______. The judge at once noticed that the Indian had something under his arm and decided the case in the Indian’s favour. He ordered the horse to be returned to the Indian and punished the Spaniard for theft. 4_______. The Indian showed him the stone and told it was meant for the judge in case he would had decided in Spaniard’s favour. It was a good lesson for the bad judge, and he gave up the habit of taking bribes.

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Beside his work on antiseptics, Joseph Lister made many other contributions to the surgery. Among them was the use of catgut ligature.
To find a material stronger than silk, Lister experimented for over a year. Finally he found catgut. Lister became famous all over the world. Surgeons could now do different operations thanks to antiseptic methods. Lister had become a national and world hero. Gradually, other surgeons began to adopt Lister’s methods. They learned that germs in the air were not the chief danger. The big danger came from germs that might be on the hands or clothes of the surgeons or on the surgical instruments or bandages.
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Gradually, other surgeons began _______.

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There are only six public holidays a year in Great Britain. They are: Christmas Day, Boxing Day, Good Friday, Easter Monday, Spring Bank Holiday and Late Summer Bank Holiday.
Most of these holidays are of religious origin though it would be right to say that for the greater part of the population they have long lost their religious significance and are simply days on which people relax, eat, drink, and make merry.
Besides public holidays there are other festivals, anniversaries, celebrations and simply days, for example, Pancake Day and Bonfire Night, on which certain traditions are observed, but unless they fall on a Sunday, they are ordinary working days.
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Besides public holidays there are other festivals, anniversaries, celebrations and simply days on which certain traditions are observed, but unless they fall on a Sunday, they are ordinary _________________.

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Out of six public holidays Christmas Day in Britain was a festival long before the conversion to Christianity. It is not surprising that many social customs connected with the celebration of Christmas go back to pagan times, as, for instance, the giving of presents and having a real spree once a year.
The idea of using a fir-tree for Christmas came to Britain from Germany. When the princes of the German house of Honover became the English Royal Family, they helped to make the Christmas tree custom popular in England.
So every winter in Trafalgar Square, in front of the National Gallery an enormous fir-tree stands. It is a gift from the people of Oslo to London. The Christmas tree is brightly decorated. Its branches are draped with tinsel and hung with big brilliant stars and shining balls of various colours and different sizes.
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The idea of using a fir-tree for Christmas came ________________.

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In Europe and North America, February the 14th is famous as St. Valentine’s Day. It is customary on the day to send a Valentine, a card with an affectionate message, to someone you love, or to your best friends. You don’t sign your name, and for a person whom you send this card it’s interesting to guess who has sent the card. Of course, it’s particularly young people who look forward to Valentine’s Day, hoping to receive many cards.
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It is customary on the day to send a card with an affectionate message, to someone you love, or ________________.