Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу словами. The word gastroenterology comes...: ответ на тест 1046541 - Английский язык

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The word gastroenterology comes from two Greek words: gastros for stomach and enteron for intestine. Therefore hospital gastroenterology 1_______ deal with illnesses of the digestive system or gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This is basically a long hollow 2_______ about 6.5 metres long going from the mouth to the anus which joins a string of organs including the oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, 3_______, gall bladder, and pancreas. Medical science divides the GI tract into the upper tract and the 4_______ tract – also known as the upper and lower bowels.

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The word gastroenterology comes from two Greek words: gastros for stomach and enteron for intestine. Therefore hospital gastroenterology 1_______ deal with illnesses of the digestive system or gastrointestinal (GI) tract. This is basically a long hollow 2_______ about 6.5 metres long going from the mouth to the anus which joins a string of organs including the oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, 3_______, gall bladder, and pancreas. Medical science divides the GI tract into the upper tract and the 4_______ tract – also known as the upper and lower bowels.

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Unlike other diseases, there is no objective way to make a 1_______ of mental illness, and very often a diagnosis is based on observations of behaviour and scores in psychological tests. The dividing lines between madness, 2_______, and normality are in fact rarely clear, though strange behaviour and impulses are usually associated with mental illness if suffering is involved.
‘Mental illness’ is a broad label for 3_______ that include
– 4_______ instability
– behavioural disorders
– cognitive dysfunction

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What treatments are now viewed as barbaric and cruel?
Medicine is rarely successful at curing illness completely, but it can treat it with varying degrees of success. Options include: medication, psychotherapy, and lifestyle adjustments. Certain treatments, such as electroshock and lobotomy, are controversial, and treatments used in the past, such as cold water, restraint, and isolation, are now viewed as barbaric and cruel.

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What is blood affected by?
A blood test is an extremely useful source of information about the health of a body. Because blood is affected by many medical conditions, the shape, size, behaviour, and numbers of blood cells reveal a lot, so blood tests are used to form diagnoses, and to monitor illness and the effectiveness of treatment. A blood test is fast, safe, and fairly reliable. Some tests can be done with only a drop of blood, whereas others may need a lot more. Blood tests give information about such thing as blood chemistry, kidney and liver function, hormone, cholesterol and glucose levels, and numbers of antibodies.

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Nurses work with the mentally ill in making assessments and diagnoses, planning care, and helping patients regain or improve the skills they need to cope. Important in their work is the therapeutic relationship. This is the relationship between the patient and therapist, which is based on non-judgemental empathy, and which provides the security to be able to speak with honesty. Therapeutic relationships develop under the most difficult conditions, not just because the patient is often being given treatment against his will.