Вопрос № 911630 - Английский язык

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PCs, or personal computers, are a part of our lives. 1_______. Back then, computers for the home were usually called “microcomputers”. Initially, many people didn’t understand what they were for, because it was more difficult to do a simple calculation on a microcomputer than it was on a calculator!
2_______. There were many different models, made by different companies. 3_______. Home computers had far less power and memory than computers today, so what you could do on them was extremely limited. 4_______. Of course, the Internet didn’t exist back then, so computers weren’t used to send e-mails or look at websites.

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1_______. They are about the size of an office desk and are usually found in banks and offices. 2_______.
Microcomputers, commonly known as micros, are the smallest and least powerful. 3_______. They can handle smaller amounts of information at a time and are slower than minicomputers. They are ideal for use as home computers. 4_______. More powerful microcomputers are gradually being produced; therefore they are becoming the most commonly used type of computers.

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1_______.
The Analog computer is almost an extinct type of computer these days. It is different from a digital computer in respect that it can perform numerous mathematical operations simultaneously. 2_______. It utilizes mechanical, hydraulic, or electrical energy or operation.
Hybrid computers are, as the name suggests, a combination of both Analog and Digital computers. 3_______. But the problem is that they are too slow and incapable of large scale mathematical operation. 4_______.

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Personal computers (or microcomputers) were made possible by two technical innovations in the field of microelectronics: the integrated circuit, or IС, which was developed in 1959 and the microprocessor that first appeared in 1971. The IС permitted the miniaturization of computer-memory circuits, and the microprocessor reduced the size of a computer’s CPU to the size of a single silicon chip.
Because a CPU calculates, performs logical operations, contains operating instructions, and manages data flows, a complete microcomputer as a separate system was designed and developed in 1974.
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A complete microcomputer as a separate system was designed and developed …

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Computer engineering is now the most rapidly growing field. The electronics of computers involve engineers in design and manufacture of memory systems, of central processing units, and of peripheral devices.
One current trend in computer engineering is microminiaturization. Engineers try to place greater and greater numbers of circuit elements onto smaller and smaller chips. Another trend is towards increasing the speed of computer operations through the use of parallel processors and superconducting materials.
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The electronics of computers involve engineers in design and manufacture of memory systems, of central processing units, and of …

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Babbage, Charles (1792-1871), British mathematician and inventor, who designed and built mechanical computing machines on principles that anticipated the modern electronic computer.
In the 1820s Babbage began developing his Difference Engine, a mechanical device that could perform simple mathematical calculations. Although Babbage started to build his machine, he was unable to complete it because of a lack of funding. In the 1830s Babbage began developing his Analytical Engine, which was designed to carry out more complicated calculations, but this device was never built, too. Babbage’s book, “Economy of Machines and Manufactures” (1832), initiated the field of study known today as operational research.
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In the 1830s Babbage began developing his Analytical Engine, which was designed to carry out …