Вопрос № 933211 - Английский язык

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An electric cell is used to produce and supply electric energy. It consists of an electrolyte and two electrodes. Electrodes are used as terminals, they connect the cell to the circuit - current passes through the terminals and the bulb lights.
Cells can be connected in series, in parallel and in series-parallel. In order to increase the current capacity cells should be connected in parallel. In order to increase the voltage output cells should be connected in series. In case a battery has a large current capacity and a large voltage output, its cells are connected in series-parallel.
When cells are connected in series the positive terminal of one cell is connected to the negative terminal of the second cell, the positive terminal of the second cell - to the negative terminal of the third ... and so on.
When cells are connected in parallel their negative terminals are connected together and their positive terminals are also connected.
In case a cell has a trouble it stops operating or operates badly. This cell should be substituted by another one.

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Among the most common meters used there are the ohmmeter, the ammeter and the voltmeter. The ohmmeter is used to measure the value of resistance. It consists of a milliammeter calibrated to read in ohms, a battery and resistors. The meter is connected in parallel and the circuit is not opened when its resistance is measured. The readings on the scale show the measured value.
The ammeter is used to measure the value of current. When the ammeter is used the circuit should be opened at one point and the terminals of the meter should be connected to it. One should take into consideration that the positive terminal of the meter is connected to the positive terminal of the source; the negative terminal - to the negative terminal of the source.
The ammeter should be connected in series. The readings on the scale show the measured value.

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Engineers in industry work not only with machines but also with people, to determine, for example, how machines can be operated most efficiency by 1_______. This is called ergonomics. The aim of 2_______ is to make the working place more comfortable and the work easier. A small change in the location of the controls of a machine or of its position with relation to other machines or 3_______, or a change in the muscular movements of the operator, often results in greatly increased production. Ergonomics looks for criteria for the efficient design of large, complicated control panels that monitor 4_______ reactor operation.

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Automation is performing certain tasks, previously done by people, by machines only. The sequences of operations are controlled 1_______. The most familiar example of a highly automated 2_______ is an assembly plant for automobiles or other complex products.
The term automation is also used to describe nonmanufacturing systems in which automatic devices can 3_______ independently of human control. Such devices as automatic pilots, automatic telephone equipment and automated control systems are used to perform various operations much faster and 4_______ than could be done by people.

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What is the density of water?
Density (specific weight) is the amount of mass in a unit volume. It is measured in kilograms per cubic metre. The density of water is 1000 kg/m3 but most materials have a higher density and sink in water. Aluminium alloys, with typical densities around 2800 kg/m3 are considerably less dense than steels, which have typical densities around 7800 kg/m3. Density is important in any application where the material must not be heavy.

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What is the slower speed of the ZX 1000 electric drill?
The ZX 1000 electric drill has two speeds: the fast speed is 3,000 rpm and the slower speed is 1,000 rpm. Adjust the speed according to the type of material and the size of the hole. For example, use the faster speed for a soft material such as wood to drill holes smaller than 10 millimetres (10 mm) in diameter but choose the slower speed for holes between 10 and 25 mm. However, for steel, a hard material, use the faster speed for holes smaller than 6.5 mm and choose the slower speed to drill holes between 6.5 and 10 mm.