Вопрос № 605451 - Английский язык

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Planning involves determining overall company objectives and deciding how these goals can best be achieved. Managers evaluate alternative plans before choosing a specific course of action and then check to see that the chosen plan fits into the objectives established at higher organizational levels. Planning is listed as the first management function because the others depend on it. However, even as managers move on to perform other managerial functions, planning continues as goals and alternatives are further evaluated and revised.
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Managers check to see that the chosen plan fits into the objectives established ____________________.

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Management plays a vital role in any business or organized activity. Management is composed of a team of managers who have charge of the organization at all levels. Their duties include making sure company objectives are met and seeing that the business operates efficiently. Regardless of the specific job, most managers perform four basic functions. These management functions are planning, organizing, directing, and controlling.
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Most managers perform _________________.

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Product presentations are an important part of selling your product to prospective customers. In many cases, this will be the customer’s first introduction to your company and potentially your product. First impressions are critical. There are also times when it is important to sell your product to the people inside your company as well as investors. Proper preparation is vital to presenting your product in the best light possible.
The objective of the presentation is different depending upon the target; audience and the presentation should be adjusted accordingly. It is important to know your audience and what they are looking for.
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Product presentations are an important part of selling your product to __________________.

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An integral part of management theory, which concerns itself with laws and ways of optimizing organizational structures of various industrial units. The basic principle recognized by all scholars is that an organization should have a design, which will make it possible to realize its strategy. That is why it is recommended that organizational structure should be designed first from top management and then all the way down to subordinates. Three main steps of creating organizational structures can be defined:
- to divide the organization in the horizontal dimension into wide blocks corresponding to basic types of activities on strategy realization;
- to define the range of rights and duties for different positions in the organization;
- to determine basic production functions, assign their performance to concrete people and, if need be, attach several subordinates for effective work to these managers.
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The design of the organization will make it possible to realize its __________________.

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The basic mechanism of interaction between people in a company exists in three forms: to order someone to do something – “authoritarizm”, to ask someone to do something on certain conditions or without them – “compromise”, to wait until your partner takes the initiative and performs corresponding actions – “consensus”.
Consensus is a Japanese style of decision-making, i.e. keep discussing until the decision appears and becomes obvious, or until participant takes the responsibility for some decision. Thus, the decision is accepted only in case it is clear for all the participants or at least for several ones. This system of decision-making is the most effective one from the point of view of the minimization of risk. It is characterized by a strong discipline of its participants, and consequently high product quality. However this system is rather slow, having a high risk of refusal and breakdown in strong dynamic processes. As a rule, such management systems are used on the top management level. One of the important criteria of its use is almost equal social position of the participants. However, the last thesis is not obligatory, but the involving of less socially provided members requires professional growth prospects.
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Such management systems as consensus are used ______________________.

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“You give me – I give you”, i.e. a decision is accepted at the level of some compromises. The decision can be right or wrong, and the one is responsible for it will either be rewarded or not. This system of decision-making is very dynamic and guarantees a social growth to its participants. This system presents the basis of any young business.
However, this principle cannot always give the best results due to the subjectivity of both problem statement and the evaluation of product quality (are the best results so necessary, if the time of the product use is limited?). This is a typical principle according to which the American society works, where everything has its on cost, where professional rises and falls depend on correct and timely accepted decisions, and the latter is very well paid. This method is strongly subjective, being dependent on certain people and used as a rule for building average management levels.
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Such system of decision-making as compromise is very dynamic and guarantees a social growth ______________________.