Вопрос № 1088138 - Английский язык

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Financial services
1. More than 35,000 firms compete for investor assets in an ever-changing financial landscape. The top 50 firms generate more than half of revenues in the broadly defined financial planning and advisory business universe. An employer’s financial strength is an essential element in developing a financial planning and advisory practice. In the aftermath of the recent global financial crisis, more investors look for stability and reliability in advisers and their employer firms.
2. Investment advisers and financial planners must develop strong relationships with their clients. Trust between the adviser and client is as indispensable as the products, services, and financial advice provided by the adviser’s firm. High performance contributes to the development of strong client relationships. Satisfied existing clients are the adviser’s best form of advertising and new referrals. Developing new clients while maintaining satisfied existing ones grows the business.
3. Financial services firms continue to create and reorganize new mobile products and technologies with clients in mind. Some financial institutions are developing marketing strategies that reach out to new prospects via mobile phone. In addition, financial services firms are refining their mobile strategies to attract multicultural groups via mobile technology. When the prospective client reads information on his favorite site, the financial institution offers links to products and services that reflect the client’s interests. A click on the link provided starts the process of contact between the financial institution and the client.
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How do financial advisers attract new clients?

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Financial services
1. More than 35,000 firms compete for investor assets in an ever-changing financial landscape. The top 50 firms generate more than half of revenues in the broadly defined financial planning and advisory business universe. An employer’s financial strength is an essential element in developing a financial planning and advisory practice. In the aftermath of the recent global financial crisis, more investors look for stability and reliability in advisers and their employer firms.
2. Investment advisers and financial planners must develop strong relationships with their clients. Trust between the adviser and client is as indispensable as the products, services, and financial advice provided by the adviser’s firm. High performance contributes to the development of strong client relationships. Satisfied existing clients are the adviser’s best form of advertising and new referrals. Developing new clients while maintaining satisfied existing ones grows the business.
3. Financial services firms continue to create and reorganize new mobile products and technologies with clients in mind. Some financial institutions are developing marketing strategies that reach out to new prospects via mobile phone. In addition, financial services firms are refining their mobile strategies to attract multicultural groups via mobile technology. When the prospective client reads information on his favorite site, the financial institution offers links to products and services that reflect the client’s interests. A click on the link provided starts the process of contact between the financial institution and the client.
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Privatization
1. Privatization is the process by which the production of goods or services is removed from the government sector of the economy. This has been done in a variety of ways, ranging from the public sale of shares in a previously state-owned enterprise to the use of private businesses to perform government work under contract.
2. The leader in this innovative strategy was the Thatcher government of Great Britain from 1979 to 1990. Previous governments had tried limited denationalization, which is the restoration of nationalized enterprises to their previous owners, but with limited success. Privatization involved totally new owners. In some cases the state enterprises that were «privatized» had never been in the private sector.
3. Governments all over the world were confronted in the seventies by the problems inherent in state ownership. Because state-owned companies have no profit motive, they lack the incentive that private companies have to produce goods that consumers want and to do so at low cost. An additional problem is that even if they want to satisfy consumer demands, they have no way of knowing what consumers want, because consumers indicate their preferences most clearly by their purchases.
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Demand
1. One of the most important building blocks of economic analysis is the concept of demand. When economists refer to demand, they usually have in mind not just a single quantity demanded, but what is called a demand curve. A demand curve traces the quantity of a good or service that is demanded at successively different prices.
2. The most famous law in economics, and the one that economists are most sure of, is the law of demand. On this law is built almost the whole edifice of economics. The law of demand states that when the price of a good rises, the amount demanded falls, and when the price falls, the amount demanded rises.
3. It is not just price that affects the quantity demanded. Income affects it too. As real income rises, people buy more of some goods (which economists call normal goods) and less of what are called inferior goods. Urban mass transit and railroad transportation are classic examples of inferior goods. That is why the usage of both of these modes of travel declined so dramatically as postwar incomes were rising and more people could afford automobiles.
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Economic growth
1. Economic growth is the increase in the amount of the goods and services produced by an economy over time. It is conventionally measured as the percent rate of increase in real gross domestic product, or real GDP. Growth is usually calculated in real terms, i.e. inflation-adjusted terms, in order to obviate the distorting effect of inflation on the price of the goods produced. In economics, «economic growth» or «economic growth theory» typically refers to growth of potential output, i.e., production at «full employment».
2. As an area of study, economic growth is generally distinguished from development economics. The former is primarily the study of how countries can advance their economies. The latter is the study of the economic aspects of the development process in low-income countries. Since economic growth is measured as the annual percent change of gross domestic product (GDP), it has all the advantages and drawbacks of that measure.
3. Economic growth is measured as a percentage change in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) or Gross National Product (GNP). These two measures, which are calculated slightly differently, total the amounts paid for the goods and services that a country produced. As an example of measuring economic growth, a country which creates $9,000,000,000 in goods and services in 2010 and then creates $9,090,000,000 in 2011, has a nominal economic growth rate of 1% for 2011.
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Mathematical economics
1. Mathematical economics is the application of mathematical methods to represent theories and analyze problems in economics. By convention, the applied methods refer to those beyond simple geometry, such as differential and integral calculus, difference and differential equations, matrix algebra, mathematical programming, and other computational methods. An advantage claimed for the approach is its allowing formulation of theoretical relationships with rigor, generality, and simplicity.
2. It is argued that mathematics allows economists to form meaningful, testable propositions about wide-ranging and complex subjects which could less easily be expressed informally. Further, the language of mathematics allows economists to make specific, positive claims about controversial or contentious subjects that would be impossible without mathematics. Much of economic theory is currently presented in terms of mathematical economic models, a set of stylized and simplified mathematical relationships asserted to clarify assumptions and implications.
3. Economics became more mathematical as a discipline throughout the first half of the 20th century, but introduction of new and generalized techniques in the period around the Second World War, as in game theory, would greatly broaden the use of mathematical formulations in economics.
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