Вопрос № 933209 - Английский язык

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Robert Stephenson, the son of George Stephenson was a British civil engineer. He is mostly well-known for the construction of several notable bridges.
He was born in 1803. He was educated in Newcastle and at the University of Edinburgh. In 1829 he assisted his father in constructing a locomotive known as the Rocket, and four years later he was appointed construction engineer of the Birmingham and London Railway, completed in 1838.
Stephenson built several famous bridges, including the Victoria Bridge in England, the Britannia Bridge in Wales, two bridges across the Nile in Egypt and the Victoria Bridge in Montreal, Canada.
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George Stephenson was a British inventor and engineer. He is famous for building the first practical railway locomotive. Stephenson was born in 1781 in England. During his youth he worked as a fireman and later as an engineer in the coal mines of Newcastle. He invented one of the first miner’s safety lamps independently of the British inventor Humphrey Davy. Stephenson’s early locomotives were used to carry loads in coal mines, and in 1823 he established a factory at Newcastle for their manufacture. In 1829 he designed a locomotive known as the Rocket, which could carry both loads and passengers at a greater speed than any locomotive at that time. The success of the Rocket was the beginning of the construction of locomotives and laying the railway lines.
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This is the widest field of engineering, concerned with systems and devices that use 1_______ power and signals. Among the most 2_______ subjects in the field are electric power and machinery, electronic circuits, control systems, computer design, superconductors, solid-state electronics, robotics, lasers, 3_______, consumer electronics, and fibre optics.
Electrical engineering can be divided into four 4_______ branches: electric power and machinery, electronics, communications and control, and computers.

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The electrical system in a car can have either a positive or a negative 1_______. In both systems, the battery leads and terminals must be connected 2_______.
In a car with a positive earth, the positive terminal must be connected to the car body. The negative terminal must be connected to the electrical 3_______.
In a car with a negative earth, the positive terminal must be connected to the electrical system. The negative terminal must be connected to the 4_______ body.

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Engineers in industry work not only with machines but also with people, to determine, for example, how machines can be operated most efficiency by 1_______. This is called ergonomics. The aim of 2_______ is to make the working place more comfortable and the work easier. A small change in the location of the controls of a machine or of its position with relation to other machines or 3_______, or a change in the muscular movements of the operator, often results in greatly increased production. Ergonomics looks for criteria for the efficient design of large, complicated control panels that monitor 4_______ reactor operation.

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Automation is performing certain tasks, previously done by people, by machines only. The sequences of operations are controlled 1_______. The most familiar example of a highly automated 2_______ is an assembly plant for automobiles or other complex products.
The term automation is also used to describe nonmanufacturing systems in which automatic devices can 3_______ independently of human control. Such devices as automatic pilots, automatic telephone equipment and automated control systems are used to perform various operations much faster and 4_______ than could be done by people.