Прочитайте текст и найдите соответствующий перевод подчеркнутого слова. Surgery has always been risk...: ответ на тест 1046546 - Английский язык

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Surgery has always been risky and even with modern anaesthetics, blood transfusions, and antiseptics, patients will still die from the trauma of pain, loss of blood, and infections. Apart from such complications, there are other dangers such as bad reactions to anaesthetics, problems with wound healing, deep vein thrombosis, dehiscence (the splitting open of a surgical wound), and, depending on the state of health of the patient, risks of lung and heart problems.

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Anemia signifies a decrease in the number of circulating red blood cells. It may be due to blood loss (open or hidden bleeding) or increased blood destruction (in the spleen), to faulty nutrition (e.g. lack of iron in the diet), poisons that depress the activity of the bone marrow, or other causes. Bone marrow, which makes blood, may be injured by heavy metal poisoning and some drugs, overdoses of X-ray, and tumors.

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A patient can be admitted to hospital in one of three ways:
– 1_______
– as a day patient (needing a hospital bed for tests or minor surgery but not needing to stay overnight)
– as an inpatient (needing to stay in hospital)
It is relatively easy to organize beds for inpatients who come through A&E (the majority of total admissions). 2_______.
It is important that accurate and clear medical records accompany patients from before admission and after discharge, and that they document all treatment, test results, and communications. 3_______. In many countries there are laws which govern who can have access to them. They consist of material such as:
– handwritten medical notes
– computerized files
– correspondence between health professionals
– laboratory reports
– x-ray films and scans
– 4_______
– printouts from monitoring equipment

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The National Health Service
The National Health Service (NHS) is responsible for health care for everyone in the UK, although a small number choose to pay for private care. 1_______.
Primary care is provided by general practitioners, or GPs, (sometimes known as family doctors), nurses, dentists, pharmacists and opticians. GPs work in practices of 1 to 20. 2_______. They also provide health education in areas such as smoking and diet, run clinics, give vacations, for example for influenza, and may perform minor surgery such as removal of warts and moles. 3_______.
Patients are normally seen on an appointment basis. 4_______. Out-of-hours (OOH) treatment, from 6 pm to 8 am, is provided by the local Primary Care Trust, which organizes shifts of GPs and locum GPs to cover if someone is absent.

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Medical terms related to blood often begin with the prefix haem-, which comes from the Greek word for blood. Therefore, the study of blood is haemotology, haemophilia is a disease of the blood, and haemophobia is an abnormal fear of blood. New blood is being constantly made by the bone marrow in a process called haemogenesis, bleeding is technically known as a haemorrage, and a bruise is a haemotoma.
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Haemophobia is …

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In Britain, doctors, also known as medical practitioners, must be qualified: have a university degree in medicine. They must also be register – included in the General Medical Council’s list, or register – in order to practice. A doctor who treats patients, as opposed to one who only does research, is called a clinician. A doctor who provides primary care for patients is known as a general practitioner (GP), or family doctor. GPs usually work in a group practice. Larger group practices work in a building called a health centre.
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Larger group practices work in a building called …