Вопрос № 932997 - Английский язык

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Materials used for construction purposes possess different properties. They differ in durability, strength, weight, fire- and decay-resistance and, naturally, cost.
Wood, timber, brick, stone, concrete, metals, and plastics belong to the most popular building materials used nowadays. They all have their advantages and disadvantages that are taken into account when designing a structure.

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Building construction has its own history, which is marked by a number of trends. Let’s describe some of them. One of these trends is increasing durability of the materials. The first building materials were perishable. We mention leaves, branches and animal hides. Later people began to use more durable natural materials such as clay, stone, timber. Finally, synthetic materials such as bricks, concrete, metals, plastics were used in building.

Прочитайте текст и найдите соответствующий перевод подчеркнутого слова.
Building construction has its own history, which is marked by a number of trends. Let’s describe some of them. One of these trends is increasing durability of the materials. The first building materials were perishable. We mention leaves, branches and animal hides. Later people began to use more durable natural materials such as clay, stone, timber. Finally, synthetic materials such as bricks, concrete, metals, plastics were used in building.

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Cement is the most important component of concrete. 1_______. Concrete may be considered an artificial conglomerate of “crushed stone, gravel or similar inert material with a mortar”. A mortar is a mixture of sand, screenings or similar inert particles with cement and water. 2_______. The most accurate method of measuring proportions is to weigh the required quantities of each material. This may be done whether the proportions are based upon volumes or weights. 3_______. It is also widely used in large building constructions. 4_______.

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New developments of architects are known today. 1_______. Young architects from the architectural department of the Rhode Island School of Design have designed tomorrow’s houses. 2_______. The system is based on cast plastic bubbles linked together. It permits the creation of almost any size and shape of such a house. 3_______. This house has features associating more and more with modern living. 4_______. At the same time it also tends to add outdoor space to the indoors and increases the feeling of speciousness.

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Boxes – that’s what a good deal of modern architecture reminds me of. 1_______. A man who lives in one of these boxes works in another big box, high up in the air. If he falls ill, he goes to another big box called a hospital.
I began this letter by saying that many modern buildings, especially the blocks of flats and business offices, were like big boxes. 2_______. An architect today has to be an engineer too. 3_______. They save plenty of unnecessary work. 4_______.