Вопрос № 348155 - Английский язык

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Smart – or shape memory – materials are an invention that has changed the world of engineering.1___________. The metal alloys were made first and they are usually an expensive mixture of titanium and nickel.
2_______:
- plastics that return to their original shape when the temperature changes.
One use is in surgery where plastic threads ‘remember’ the shape of a knot, react to the patient’s body temperature and make themselves into stitches.
- 3____________. They are used in medical implants that are compressed so they can be put inside the patient’s body through a small cut. The implant then expands back to its original shape.
- 4___________.

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Pedro Fernandez: Bike Maker
When I choose a material for a bike frame, I have to think about the properties of the material. How elastic is it? If you bend or stretch it, will it go back to its original shape? If it does, it has high elasticity. How strong is it? There are two types of strength. The first is how much force you need to bend it to a point where it can’t go back to its original shape. 1 _______. Steel is the least expensive choice. There’s a wide range of standard gauge tubes available. It’s strong and it has good elasticity but it’s heavy.
Aluminium is light and strong but it’s flexible. The more it bends, the quicker it breaks. 2 _______. That limits the amount of bending.
Titanium has a great strength-to-weight ratio. It’s got good elasticity so when it bends to return to its original shape. 3 _______. But it’s expensive-fifteen times the price of steel!
The professionals use carbon fibre. It’s very light and it’s very strong. You can shape it any way you like. 4 _______.

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1_______. Before the third century BC there were lots of smaller walls and these were joined together to make one long. The work was done by enormous gangs of forced labourers and many of them died doing the work. 2___________. It is made of earth covered with stone.
3___________. The stone structures were usually tombs for pharaohs. The pyramids have square bases with sloping sides which meet at an apex. The first pyramid was built in about 2600 BC and is over 140m high. 4___________. It is estimated that 20-25,000 people worked for 20 years to build each pyramid.

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Engineering is everywhere. 1___________. For example, if a manufacturer wants a faster car, a smaller personal stereo, or a better pen, they will ask a design engineer to find a practical solution.
Engineering is both theoretical and practical. 2___________. The design solution must be a reasonable price, safe, and reliable. A new idea that is expensive, dangerous, or doesn’t always work is not a good solution.
Engineers use a method. Generally, engineers solve problems in a methodical way.
Engineers:
1. 3___________,
2. design a solution,
3. rest the solution,
4. evaluate the solution.
4____________. When a good solution is found, the next step is to:
     5. communicate the solution.

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1___________. You will learn the different types of engineering; you do not specialize in one area.
2___________. You need at least three GCSEs including Mathematics, Science, and Design and Technology.
You will learn:
- practical skills in manufacturing and maintenance
- 3___________
- key skills in information Technology
4___________.
You will spend some time in the classroom but most of your time will be spent doing practical tasks in the workshop, in the laboratory, or on computer screen.

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1___________. They can be studied full-time or part-time. The minimum qualification for a place on a Level 2 course is four GCSEs or a level 1 Certificate.
Level 1 Certificate in Engineering
2___________. It is suitable for students who left school early or have no qualification. Selection will be based on the applicant’s  work experience and an interview.
Level 2 Certificate in Electrical and Electronic Engineering This course prepares students for jobs in radio and electronic communications.
3___________.
This course prepares students for jobs in welding, sheetmetal work, and general engineering.
Level 2 Certificate in Mechanical Engineering
4___________.