A computer to complete a job requires more than just the actual equipment or hardware we see and tou...: ответ на тест 1006879 - Английский язык

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What are the computer programs used for?
A computer to complete a job requires more than just the actual equipment or hardware we see and touch. It requires software – programs for directing the operation of a computer or electronic data.
Software is the final computer system component. These computer programs instruct the hardware how to conduct processing. The computer is merely a general-purpose machine which requires specific software to perform a given task. Computers can input, calculate, compare, and output data as information. Software determines the order in which these operations are performed.
Programs usually fall in one of two categories: system software and applications software.

A computer to complete a job requires more than just the actual equipment or hardware we see and touch. It requires software – programs for directing the operation of a computer or electronic data.
Software is the final computer system component. These computer programs instruct the hardware how to conduct processing. The computer is merely a general-purpose machine which requires specific software to perform a given task. Computers can input, calculate, compare, and output data as information. Software determines the order in which these operations are performed.
Programs usually fall in one of two categories: system software and applications software.
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System software controls standard internal computer activities. An operating system, for example, is a collection of system programs that aid in the operation of a computer regardless of the application software being used. When a computer is first turned on, one of the system programs is booted or loaded into the computer’s memory. This software contains information about memory capacity, the model of the processor, the disk drives to be used, and more.
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What is system software used for?

You can save an image in many different file formats. GIF, for example, is used for animation and is a popular choice for Web pictures, but has fewer colours than other formats. JPEG is good for photographs and downloads quickly from the Web, but it can lose image data when you save it. Apple Macintosh designed PICT for the MacOS, but TIFF is a good cross-platform format that you can use with many operating systems. If you can’t use an image in a DTP program because the program doesn’t let you, you can often export it in EPS format from your imaging program, without losing any picture quality.
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What format is good for photographs?

The purpose of storage hardware is to store computer instructions and data in a form that is relatively permanent and retrieve when needed for processing. Storage hardware serves the same basic functions as do office filing systems except that it stores data as electromagnetic signals. The most common ways of storing data are hard disk, floppy disk and CD-ROM.
Hard disk is a rigid disk coated with magnetic material, for storing programs and relatively large amounts of data.
Floppy disk (diskette) – thin, usually flexible plastic disk coated with magnetic material, for storing computer data and programs.
CD-ROM (compact disc read only memory) is a compact disc on which a large amount of digitized read-only data can be stored.
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The purpose of output hardware is to provide the user with the means to view information produced by the computer system. Information is output in either hardcopy or softcopy form. Hardcopy output can be held in your hand, such as paper with text (words or numbers) or graphics printed on it. Softcopy output is displayed on a monitor.
Monitor is a component with a display screen for viewing computer data, television programs, etc.
Printer is a computer output device that produces a paper copy of data or graphics.
Modem is an example of communication hardware – an electronic device that makes possible the transmission of data to or from computer via telephone or other communication lines.
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