Вопрос № 224049 - Английский язык

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Because of the size of the World Bank’s subscriptions, five nations - the United States, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom, and France - are entitled to appoint executive 1___________; the remaining seventeen directors are elected by some combination of the votes of the other nations. There are 156 members 2___________, but, with the independence of the Baltic States and the devolution of the Soviet Union into separate republics, the membership could increase to over 170, thereby including all the independent nations in the world.
The Soviet Union was one of the forty-four governments whose representatives signed the original Bretton Woods agreements, but along with the other members of the Warsaw Pact, it chose not to 3__________ the Bank or the Fund when these organizations were formally incorporated in 1946. (Poland and Czechoslovakia joined the Bank and the Fund initially but withdrew when the 4__________ war began in earnest and a loan to Poland was blocked by the United States.)

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In 1954, an International Finance Corporation was established to supplement the World Bank by participating in equity 1__________ in member countries, and in 1960, a third organization, the International Development Association (IDA), was created. These three 2___________ constitute the World Bank Group. The IDA has the same officers and 3___________ as the World Bank, but its separate charter enables it to offer loans to low-income member countries repayable at 0.75 percent interest over 50 4_________ (including 10 years’ grace).

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Because of the size of the World Bank’s subscriptions, five nations - the United States, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom, and France - are entitled to appoint executive 1___________; the remaining seventeen directors are elected by some combination of the votes of the other nations. There are 156 members 2___________, but, with the independence of the Baltic States and the devolution of the Soviet Union into separate republics, the membership could increase to over 170, thereby including all the independent nations in the world.
The Soviet Union was one of the forty-four governments whose representatives signed the original Bretton Woods agreements, but along with the other members of the Warsaw Pact, it chose not to 3__________ the Bank or the Fund when these organizations were formally incorporated in 1946. (Poland and Czechoslovakia joined the Bank and the Fund initially but withdrew when the 4__________ war began in earnest and a loan to Poland was blocked by the United States.)

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In 1954, an International Finance Corporation was established to supplement the World Bank by participating in equity 1__________ in member countries, and in 1960, a third organization, the International Development Association (IDA), was created. These three 2___________ constitute the World Bank Group. The IDA has the same officers and 3___________ as the World Bank, but its separate charter enables it to offer loans to low-income member countries repayable at 0.75 percent interest over 50 4_________ (including 10 years’ grace).

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Today, the World Bank Group is a far cry from what it was when the World Bank began in 1946 under President Eugene Meyer - with three floors of rented office space at 1818 H Street NW and a few dozen 1__________. Even in the final days of the presidency of George Woods, in 1968, the group had fewer than 1500 employees and four buildings. As of 2_________ 31, 1991, however, on the eve of the accession to the presidency of Lewis Preston, former chairman of the board of J. P. Morgan & Co., the World Bank 3_________ had 3 senior vice presidents, 14 vice presidents, and 6500 employees scattered through 18 separate buildings in Washington, D.C; 2 4_________ offices in Paris and Tokyo; and 50 regional offices.

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The World Bank Group has had a significant positive effect on the flow of capital to the poorer countries of the 1___________, both directly and indirectly, and knowledge of Third World 2____________ has increased enormously. Still, the record of growth is spotty. In much of East Asia, per capita income is rising rapidly, but in 3_________ south of the Sahara, in South Asia, and in much of Latin America, the growth of per capita 4__________ has been discouragingly slow.