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Motivation
1. Motivation is defined as the process that initiates, guides and maintains goal-oriented behaviors. It involves the biological, emotional, social and cognitive forces that activate behavior. Psychologists have proposed a number of different theories of motivation, including drive theory, instinct theory and humanistic theory.
2. There are three major components of motivation: activation, persistence and intensity. Activation involves the decision to initiate a behavior. Persistence is the continued effort toward a goal even though obstacles may exist. Finally, intensity can be seen in the concentration and vigor that goes into pursuing a goal.
3. Different types of motivation are frequently described as being either extrinsic or intrinsic. Extrinsic motivations are those that arise from outside of the individual and often involve rewards such as trophies, money, social recognition or praise. These rewards provide satisfaction and pleasure that the task itself may not provide. Intrinsic motivation refers to motivation that comes from inside an individual rather than from any external or outside rewards, such as money or grades. The motivation comes from the pleasure one gets from the task itself or from the sense of satisfaction in completing or even working on a task.
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Extrinsic motivation occurs when people do something because it brings them pleasure.
Some theories emphasize the distinction between conscious and unconscious motivations.
People have many unconscious motivations that cause them to make important decisions.
Motivation is a driving force that compels or reinforces an action toward a desired goal.
