Вопрос № 800587 - Английский язык

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There are lots of different types of engineering.  1_______. The whole science of engineering can be broadly divided into three main areas:
- civil engineering (buildings, roads, etc.)
- 2_______
- electrical engineering (electricity, lighting, etc.)
Each of these three main area can be divided into specialist subjects.
Civil engineering covers mining and bridge building, mechanical engineering covers aeronautical and automobile engineering, electrical engineering covers electricity generation and wiring.
Clearly there is a big difference between building a road and designing a computer system so the best advice for students is:
think carefully about which area of engineering interests you most. It is difficult to study if you are not interested – and you may do the job until you are 60 years old.
think about what sort of person you are. Will you be happiest working in an office, in a factory, or alone?
3_______ Do you want to work with other people or alone? 4_______.
When you have decided which area you are interested in and thought realistically about what sort of person you are, then you can decide what sort of engineer you want to be.

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1_______. The one thing they have in common is that they all use Maths and Science to improve industry and manufacturing.
The whole science of engineering can be broadly divided into three main areas:
- civil engineering (buildings, roads, etc.)
- 2_______
- electrical engineering (electricity, lighting, etc.)
Each of these three main area can be divided into specialist subjects.
Civil engineering covers mining and bridge building, mechanical engineering covers aeronautical and automobile engineering, electrical engineering covers electricity generation and wiring.
Clearly there is a big difference between building a road and designing a computer system so the best advice for students is:
think carefully about which area of engineering interests you most. It is difficult to study if you are not interested – and you may do the job until you are 60 years old.
think about what sort of person you are. Will you be happiest working in an office, in a factory, or alone?
3_______ Do you want to work with other people or alone? 4_______.
When you have decided which area you are interested in and thought realistically about what sort of person you are, then you can decide what sort of engineer you want to be.

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The Great Wall of China was built across northern China to protect the population.
 1_______. The work was done by enormous gangs of forced labourers and many of them died doing the work. 2___________. It is made of earth covered with stone.
3___________. The stone structures were usually tombs for pharaohs. The pyramids have square bases with sloping sides which meet at an apex. The first pyramid was built in about 2600 BC and is over 140m high. 4___________. It is estimated that 20-25,000 people worked for 20 years to build each pyramid.

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Cappadocia, in Central Turkey, is a perfect place for caves. 1_______. Today’s inhabitants of the caves have come here to escape the noise and confusion of modern life. 2_______. ‘It’s cool in the summer and warm in the winter. I don’t want to live in a big modern building in a big city.’ 3_______. They have electricity and water and they believe they enjoy a more healthy and relaxed lifestyle. ‘It’s all natural,’ said Mustafa Yedek, a local tour guide. There is no pollution in the caves.4_______. They didn’t use chemicals to build these homes! ‘We think the caves can add a good fifteen years to the length of your life,’ said Mr Yedek.

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What does construction of a building start with? 1 _______. Excavation is a process necessary for the construction of every modern building.
2 _______. It is also known that the structure of the soil is of great importance for excavation. The foundation of a building should never be placed on organic soils because soils of this kind are easily decomposed. 3 _______. So, if the upper stratum of soil is organic, it must be removed from the construction area in order to guard the foundation of the building against water and wind erosion. 4 _______.

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It is a well-known fact that every building needs permanent stability. 1 _______. We know that the function of a foundation is to transfer the loads of a building into the soil.2 _______. They guard the walls and the floors against the action of the weather – rain, snow, and wind. 3 _______.They also guard buildings against sinking that may cause cracks in the walls. 4_______. It may be both rather complex and very simple. It is a common practice that for very small buildings foundation design is usually much simpler than for large ones.