Прочитайте текст. Farmers harvest their field crops with machines. They use combines to harvest most...: ответ на тест 1072250 - Английский язык

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Farmers harvest their field crops with machines. They use combines to harvest most grain and seed crops, including barley, corn, rice, soybeans, and wheat. A combine performs several tasks. First, it cuts the plant stalks. Then, it threshes the cuttings – that is, separates the grain or seeds from the straw and other residues. The combine returns the residues to the ground and collects the grain or seeds in a tank or bin.
Some farmers harvest corn with special machines. The machines pick the ears from the stalks but do not remove the grain from the ears. Special machines are also used to harvest other field crops, including peanuts, potatoes, and sugar beets. Some machines mow such crops as alfalfa and clover. The moved crops are left on the ground, where they dry and become hay. Machines called hay balers gather the hay and bind it into bales.
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Most cereal crops are harvested by using a combine – a machine that removes the fruiting heads, beats off the grain kernels, and cleans the grain as the combine moves through the fields. The cleaned grain is accumulated in an attached grain tank.
Wheat and other cereal crops are harvested by a combine which, as it moves along the rows, picks the ears from the stalks and husks them. The ears are then transferred either to a sheller, which removes the kernels from the ear, or to a vehicle trailing behind the machine.

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Livestock are domestic animals that are used to produce food and many other valuable products. The chief kinds of livestock raised throughout the world are cattle, hogs, poultry, sheep, and horses. Other kinds of livestock include donkeys, goats, mules, and rabbits. In some countries, farmers raise lamas, reindeer, buffaloes and yaks. The science of raising, breeding, and caring for livestock is called animal science.
Several thousand years ago, people began to domesticate and raise various kinds of livestock. The use of domesticated animals as a source of food and power made it possible for people to settle in one place. They then could begin farming. Through the centuries, farmers improved their livestock through various breeding methods.
In most parts of the world, livestock provide such food products as meat, butter, cheese, eggs, and milk. The skins of some livestock provide such valuable by-products as fur, hair, leather, and wool.
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A domestic animal’s daily food intake is called a ration. A balanced ration contains the nutrients that the 1_______ needs for growth and good health. These nutrients include carbohydrates, fats, minerals, protein, and vitamins. Animals suffering from nutritional deficiencies produce less meat and 2_______, or fewer eggs. They may become unhealthy. Swine and poultry feed consists of various grains, by-products from food processing, minerals, 3_______, and concentrated plant and animal proteins. Cattle, sheep, and other ruminants 4_______the grasses and legumes of pastureland. They are also fed grain, hay, the stalks of certain plants, and other crop remains.

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Prevention of disease is a major concern of livestock raisers. Some diseases can 1_______ large numbers of livestock or be transmitted to people. The chief causes of livestock 2_______ include bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses. Livestock also can become ill if they consume 3_______ poisons or insecticides and certain other chemicals sprayed on grass and plants. 4_______ inherit sensitivity to some diseases.

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Agriculture, one of Britain’s most important industries, supplies nearly two-third of the country’s food. British 1_______ is efficient, for it is based on modern technology and research. Nearly 80 % of the land is used for agriculture. The total agricultural acreage of Great Britain is about 45000000 acres. Soils vary from the poor ones of highland Britain to the rich fertile soils in the 2_______ and south-eastern parts of England. Britain is self-sufficient in milk, eggs, meat, potatoes, wheat. However, it needs to import butter, cheese, sugar and some other agricultural 3_______. There are about 55000 farms in 4_______.