Вопрос № 403427 - Английский язык

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Why laughter is the best medicine?
 Laughter helps you fight 26 _____ and gets you fit. But how it works is still being puzzled out.
Doctors are starting to believe that laughter not only improves your state of mind, but actually affects your entire 27 _____ well-being. A French newspaper found that in 1930 the French laughed on average for 19 minutes per day. By 1980 this had 28 _____ to 6 minutes. Eighty per sent of the people questioned said they would like to laugh more.
William Fry – a psychiatrist from California – 29 _____ the effects of laughter on the body. He got patients to watch Laurel and Hardy films, and monitored their blood pressure, heart rate and muscle tone. He found that laughter has a 30 _____effect to physical exercise. It speeds up the heart rate, increases blood pressure and quickens breathing. Laughter can even  provide a kind of pain relief. Fry has proved that laughter produces endorphins – chemicals in the body that 31 _____ pain.
Researchers found that if they produced pain in the students, those who had listened to the humorous tape 32 _____ tolerate the discomfort for much 33_____.
Patch Adams is both a doctor and a performing clown in Virginia. “There’s evidence to suggest that laughter stimulates the immune system”, says Adams, “yet hospitals and clinics are well-known 34 _____ their atmosphere”. He usually puts on a red nose when 35 _____ patients.

Прочитайте текст и восстановите пропущенные слова под номером 31.
Why laughter is the best medicine?
Laughter helps you fight 26 _____ and gets you fit. But how it works is still being puzzled out.
Doctors are starting to believe that laughter not only improves your state of mind, but actually affects your entire 27 _____ well-being. A French newspaper found that in 1930 the French laughed on average for 19 minutes per day. By 1980 this had 28 _____ to 6 minutes. Eighty per sent of the people questioned said they would like to laugh more.
William Fry – a psychiatrist from California – 29 _____ the effects of laughter on the body. He got patients to watch Laurel and Hardy films, and monitored their blood pressure, heart rate and muscle tone. He found that laughter has a 30 _____effect to physical exercise. It speeds up the heart rate, increases blood pressure and quickens breathing. Laughter can even  provide a kind of pain relief. Fry has proved that laughter produces endorphins – chemicals in the body that 31 _____ pain.
Researchers found that if they produced pain in the students, those who had listened to the humorous tape 32 _____ tolerate the discomfort for much 33_____.
Patch Adams is both a doctor and a performing clown in Virginia. “There’s evidence to suggest that laughter stimulates the immune system”, says Adams, “yet hospitals and clinics are well-known 34 _____ their atmosphere”. He usually puts on a red nose when 35 _____ patients.

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RENT APARTMENTS
Many people rent apartments as a matter of necessity rather than choice. This fact does not mean that rental housing has no advantages. In a number of respects, in fact, renters are in better position than home owners. People who rent houses or apartments are far 26 ____ mobile than home owners. If renters become dissatisfied with 27 ____ living quarters, they can simply give notice and move. If they 28 _____ a job opportunity that requires 29 ____, they do not have to worry 30 ____ selling a house first. Renters are not usually responsible for handling maintenance problems in their own units. Such problems can consume large 31 ____ of time and money. 32 ____ the roof leaks or the sink stops up, the renter simply reports the problem. The landlord must get the necessary repair 33____ . Renters spend less on housing than 34 ____ owners. When they move into an apartment, renters must pay a variety of extra charges*. These include security deposits**, cleaning fees, and perhaps even both first and last months’ rent. The total amount, however, in no way approaches the regular payments on a house. In addition, renters do not have a huge thirty-year mortgage debt*** hanging over their heads, trying up their future income. 35 ____ can thus put their money into other, more flexible investments.
*     extra charges               -  дополнительные расходы
**   security deposits          - депонирование ценных бумаг
*** a huge mortgage debt  - огромный долг по ипотечному залогу (ипотечная задолженность)

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COOPERATIVE APARTMENT AND CONDOMINIUM:
WHICH IS BETTER?
Some people wish to own their apartments. They have a choice 26 ___ a cooperative apartment ___ a condominium. 27 ___ two terms have nothing to do with the size, shape, or location of the units. They relate only to the form 28 ___ ownership. A cooperative apartment (co-op) 29___ not technically ___ by a tenant. Rather it is owned and managed by a cooperative organization, which consists of all the building residents. 30___ who wishes to live in one of the apartments joins the co-op. by purchasing shares* in the organization. He or she then receives 31 ___ rights to a specific unit. These rights, however, do not amount to outright ownership**. The co-op member, for example, cannot 32 ___ the unit. Instead, when ready to move, the member sells his or her shares back to the co-op. 33 ___ of the cooperative apartments make monthly payments to the organization. A condominium is similar to a co-op, but the occupant does own his or her unit outright. This fact means that the person can sell or otherwise dispose of the 34 ___ as he or she wishes. The condominium owner is also responsible for making his or her own payments. The management fee is paid 35 ___. It supports the maintenance of building facilities owned in common with other tenants. Examples include hallways, elevators, tennis courts, and other recreational facilities.  
*   purchase a share – выкупить долю (пай)
** outright ownership –полная собственность

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RESTAURANTS
There are two main types 26 ____ restaurants in the U.S.: fast-food and full-service restaurants. Fast-food restaurants are called so because little time passes between the time a patron orders a meal and the time he receives 27 ____. The style of fast-food restaurants is much like that of a cafeteria. In a fast-food restaurant, 28 ___ go up to a counter to order their meal. It is then placed on a plastic tray which patrons 29 ____ to a table. Fast food trends to be mass-produced. Items such as hamburgers, hot chicken sandwiches, pizza, and salads are typically of fast-food fare. Eating in a fast-food style restaurants is also 30 ____ less expensive than eating in full service restaurants. A 31 ____ dinner in a fast-food restaurant costs from $3.00 to 6.00. It is expected that patrons will finish eating 32 ___ leave the fast-food restaurant within 30 to 45 minutes. In full-service restaurants, patrons 33 ____ at tables and a waiter comes to take the patrons’ orders. Food is brought to the patrons by the 34 ____. Dinner at full-service restaurants can vary from $10.00 in a less expensive restaurant to $50.00 in a very expensive restaurant. It is expected that patrons will finish eating and leave full-service restaurant within an hour or an hour and a half. Usually patrons give the staff at full-service restaurants 35 ____ of 15% of the bill.

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Bankcards
Bankcards are accepted 26 ____ millions of businesses in the United States and abroad. They can be used at hotels, restaurants, department stores, theatres, airline ticket offices – just almost everywhere. Visa and MasterCard are the best-known bankcards. 27 ____ are also most established, having been first offered to consumers more than 25 years ago. The Discovery Card is the 28____. Consumers have been drawn to the Discovery Card by 29____ discounts (up to $150 on certain purchases) and an annual rebate (1 percent of the amount charged against the card). A 30 ____ works much like a revolving charge account. 31 ____ the balance is not paid in full, a finance charge 32 ___. The minimum monthly payment, set by the bank, is often quite low – 4 or 5 percent. The finance charge, on the other hand, can be quite high – up to 22 percent. In addition, for the convenience of being able to charge purchases anywhere, the cardholders must, in most cases, 33 ____ the bank an annual membership fee of $ 25 to $ 30. Bankcard charges rose sharply in the early 1980s and remained high, despite falling interest rates. Criticism of this fact has led some banks to begin lowering their 34 ____. 35 ____ should therefore shop for bank card credit by looking for a card that has lower finance charge and/or no annual fee.