Вопрос № 31931 - Английский язык

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Commercial paper is an unconditional written order or promise to pay money. The most common form of commercial paper is the personal cheque. It was developed hundreds of years ago to serve as a safe substitute for money.
Instead of carrying their gold and silver with them, merchants left their money at the bankers. Then, when merchants wanted to pay a seller for goods they were buying, they wrote an order addressed to their bank. The order directed the bank to deliver a specified amount to the person or the place of the seller’s choice. The bank compared the merchant’s signature (and perhaps a seal) on the order with the signature left at the bank. The bank would comply with such written orders because, once the merchant had made a deposit, the bank was legally indebted to the depositor for that amount. Consequently, if the merchant demanded return of the deposit, the bank had to give it back.
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Instead of carrying their gold and silver with them, merchants left their money ______________.

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Sometimes in a shop they ask you: “How do you want to pay?” You can answer: “Cash/By cheque/By credit card”. In a bank you usually have a current account, which is one where you are paid your salary and then withdraw money to pay your everyday bills. The bank sends you a regular bank statement telling you how much money is in your account. You may also have a savings account where you deposit any extra money that you have and only take money out when you want to spend it on something special. Sometimes, the bank may lend you money – this is called a bank loan. If the bank lends you money to buy a house, that money is called a mortgage.
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What is a current account?

In 1782, soon after the United States won its independence, the bald eagle was chosen as the national bird of the new country. American leaders wanted the eagle to be a symbol of their country because it is one of the strongest birds. Today the bald eagle has almost disappeared from the country. In 1972 there were only 3,000 bald eagles in the United States. The reason for the bird’s decreasing population was pollution of rivers by pesticides. Today, the American government and the American people are trying to protect the bald eagle. We are sure that the American national bird will remain a symbol of strength and courage.
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Why was the bald eagle chosen as the national bird of the new country?

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Vacuum
1. Evangelista Torricelli produced the first laboratory vacuum in 1643, and other experimental techniques were developed as a result of his theories of atmospheric pressure. A torricellian vacuum is created by filling a tall glass container closed at one end with mercury and then inverting the container into a bowl to contain the mercury.
2. The quality of a vacuum refers to how closely it approaches a perfect vacuum. Residual gas pressure is a primary indicator of quality, and is most commonly measured in units called torr, even in metric contexts. Lower pressures indicate higher quality, although other variables must also be taken into account.
3. Vacuum became a valuable industrial tool in the 20th century with the introduction of incandescent light bulbs and vacuum tubes, and a wide array of vacuum technology has since become available. The recent development of human spaceflight has raised interest in the impact of vacuum on human health, and on life forms in general.
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Vacuum
1. Evangelista Torricelli produced the first laboratory vacuum in 1643, and other experimental techniques were developed as a result of his theories of atmospheric pressure. A torricellian vacuum is created by filling a tall glass container closed at one end with mercury and then inverting the container into a bowl to contain the mercury.
2. The quality of a vacuum refers to how closely it approaches a perfect vacuum. Residual gas pressure is a primary indicator of quality, and is most commonly measured in units called torr, even in metric contexts. Lower pressures indicate higher quality, although other variables must also be taken into account.
3. Vacuum became a valuable industrial tool in the 20th century with the introduction of incandescent light bulbs and vacuum tubes, and a wide array of vacuum technology has since become available. The recent development of human spaceflight has raised interest in the impact of vacuum on human health, and on life forms in general.
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