Прочитайте текст и заполните пропуски подходящими по смыслу словами. When the Ice Age had passed Eur...: ответ на тест 932987 - Английский язык

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When the Ice Age had passed, Europe remained very cold, at least in winter, and so the people of the Old Stone Age had to find some warm and dry 1_______ to shelter from bad weather. They chose caves, dwelling places that storm and cold could not destroy. On the 2_______ of their caves ancient people painted pictures. Such decorated caves are found in Europe, Asia and Africa.
When man began 3_______ a home for himself, caves were imitated in stone structures, trees were taken as a model for huts built of branches, skins were raised on poles and formed tents.
Primitive stone structures, huts and tents are the earliest types of human dwellings, they are lost in the prehistoric past but serve as prototypes for 4_______ of later historic times.

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Most of the time of a modern man is spent within the walls of some building. Houses are built for dwelling; large buildings are constructed for industrial purposes; theatres, museums, public and scientific institutions are built for cultural activities of the people. The purposes of modern buildings differ widely, but all of them originate from the efforts of primitive men to protect themselves from stormy weather, wild animals and human enemies. Protection was looked for everywhere. In prehistoric times men looked for protection under the branches of trees, some covered themselves with skins of animals to protect themselves from cold and rain; others settled in caves.
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Most of the time of a modern man is spent …

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In the days of early civilization, once men had learnt how to build simple 1_______ for their families, they began to feel a need to have a number of different kinds of houses in one place. At first the difference was mainly in 2_______ – the chief or leader had a larger hut or tent than the rest of the people. Much later, when men began to build towns, there grew up a difference between town houses and country houses. The streets in towns were very 3_______ and there was not much place for building within the town walls, and therefore houses had to be built higher than they were in the country. A typical town house 4_______ of a shop opening on the street where the man did his work or sold his goods, with a kitchen behind and a bedroom above.

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What has mankind always realized?
Mankind has always realized that buildings to be complete must have not only “convenience” and “strength”, but also “beauty”. Some people think that architecture is not a fine art at all. For such people the world of fine arts is something entirely set apart from ordinary living and that its single purpose should be satisfying of physical necessities. At the same time architecture is a matter of pictures or sculpture, poems or music. The architect has the task of being an artist as well as an inventive engineer.

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When will nylon operate satisfactorily without lubrication?
A new material as nylon has been accepted. It is material for the manufacture of bearings and runners of all sizes in many types of machines, earth-moving equipment and agricultural machinery due to its fundamental characteristics of low friction and good wear resistance. Nylon is a very versatile material and is capable of overcoming a wide range of difficult problems. It will operate satisfactorily without lubrication in an abrasive atmosphere. One of its features is that nylon functions under water or is immersed in any other liquid. Being non-toxic nylon is frequently used in food machinery. Nylon gears usually do not require lubrication, they are shock-resistant, do not deform permanently and – running in train with metal gears – they outlast them.

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What did Greek houses have in the middle?
Greek houses had a courtyard in the middle and round their courtyard ran a covered walk, its ceiling supported by pillars. There were special women’s quarters, usually upstairs on the second storey.
In Rome bricks were used for building and houses were often finished with plaster over bricks on both inside and outside walls. The centre of family life was a garden-courtyard, surrounded by columns and with rooms opening out into it.
The earliest houses in Britain were round, built of wood or wicker basket work plastered over with clay. In the centre of the house was the hearth and light came in through the hole in the roof above it and through the door because there were no windows.