Вопрос № 223161 - Английский язык

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The Internet originated in the early 1970s when the United States wanted to make sure that people could communicate after a nuclear war. This needed a free and independent communication network without a centre and it led to a network of computers that could send each other e-mail through cyberspace.

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The Internet originated in the early 1970s when the United States wanted to make sure that people could communicate after a nuclear war. This needed a free and independent communication network without a centre and it led to a network of computers that could send each other e-mail through cyberspace.

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Chat: This kind of program is a popular way to communicate in real time, that is, instantaneously. Whatever you type into a chat program is immediately visible to the other participants on their computers. You can chat to strangers from around the world who share your hobbies or interests, or even arrange to meet family or friends for a virtual reunion.

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When you first open your browser it will often connect to the Internet automatically, taking you right onto the Web. The web page that opens each time you connect is the browser's home page, the index page of your program's web site, so that you can get instant help and bulletins about updates to the software you are using.
You will notice that the browser creates a kind of frame around the web page you are viewing. The top part of the frame, which has drop-down menus and a toolbar, looks a bit like a word-processing program.

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Directories use an indexing strategy that makes them distinct from other search tools. They use real live people to search the Web, and to review and categorize the sites by topic. This reduces some of the aggravations that frequently plague the researcher, such as duplication of listings, broken links and out-of-date information. A perfect choice when you have very little idea what is out there, directories are set up to satisfy expert and inexperienced users alike. This is why Yahoo!, one of the pioneer directory sites, is consistently ranked number one in Internet polls.

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Each search engine maintains a unique index, and operates in a particular manner. Different search engines use different robots, scan different pages for different information, use different classification and search strategies and display results in different ways. Before using an unfamiliar search engine for the first time it is always sensible to browse through its help file to get a few tips on what it offers. Most of them attempt - at least nominally - to incorporate the more user-friendly directory style in some way, but trying to keep up with them is a continual learning process.