Вопрос № 911625 - Английский язык

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The World Wide Web (WWW) is a part of the Internet. But it’s not a collection of networks. Rather, it is information that is connected or linked together like a web. You access this information through one interface or tool called a Web browser. The number of resources and services that are part of the World Wide Web is growing extremely fast. In 1996 there were more than 20 million users of the WWW, and more than half the information that is transferred across the Internet is accessed through the WWW. By using a computer terminal (hardware) connected to a network that is a part of the Internet, and by using a program (software) to browse or retrieve information that is a part of the World Wide Web, the people connected to the Internet and World Wide Web through the local providers have access to a variety of information.

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Internet Service Provider: an ISP is a company that acts as a toll gate between you and the Internet. You pay them an annual fee for unlimited use of the Net, or monthly charges according to the amount of time you are actually connected. These companies do not control the content of the Internet, nor how any of it functions, but they offer you access to the Internet.

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The WWW is merely a subset of information published on the Internet. The only thing distinguishing information on the Web from other types of information on the Internet is the format in which the information is published. Web documents are published in Hyper-Text Markup Language (HTML). In order to put up a web page of your own, whether individual or business, you need to get access to the WWW by either renting space on an existing commercial Web server, or by putting up your own Web server and paying for a connection to someone else’s data pipeline.

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1_______. They are:
– Hardware
– Software
– People
– Procedures
– Data/information.
2_______. In other words, the manner in which the various individual systems are connected – for example, by phone lines, microwave transmission, or satellite – is an element of the total computer system.
Software is the term used to describe the instructions that tell the hardware how to perform a task. 3_______. People, however, are the most important component of the computer system. 4_______.

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A computer is an electronic machine that processes information – in other words, an information processor: it takes in raw information (or data) at one end, stores it until it’s ready to work on it, chews and crunches it for a bit, then spits out the results at the other end. 1_______. Taking in information is called input, storing information is better known as memory, chewing information is also known as processing, and spitting out results is called output.
Your keyboard and mouse, for example, are just input units – ways of getting information into your computer that it can process. 2_______. Your computer probably stores all your documents and files on a hard-drive: a huge magnetic memory. But smaller, computer-based devices like digital cameras and cellphones use other kinds of storage such as flash memory cards. As for output, your computer almost certainly has a screen and probably also stereo loudspeakers. 3_______. Your computer’s processor (sometimes known as the central processing unit) is a microchip buried deep inside. 4_______. That’s why your computer has a little fan blowing away – to stop its brain from overheating!

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Today, most computer users buy, download, or share programs like Microsoft Word and Excel. 1_______. Most people see their computers as tools that help them do jobs, rather than complex electronic machines they have to pre-program – and that’s just as well, because most of us have better things to do than computer programming. 2_______. In other words, although we don’t really think of it this way, the computer can be reprogrammed as many times as you like. This is why programs are also called software. 3_______. By contrast, a computer’s hardware – the bits and pieces from which it is made (and the peripherals, like the mouse and printer, you plug into it) – is pretty much fixed when you buy it. 4_______. That computers can do so many different jobs is what makes them so useful – and that’s why millions of us can no longer live without them!