Прочитайте текст и найдите соответствующий перевод подчеркнутого слова. Research has shown that when...: ответ на тест 933040 - Английский язык

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Research has shown that when they were children, many successful sportspeople were more adventurous than their friends. Why is it so? It seems that some children have very little understanding of the potential risks of doing activities like climbing trees or jumping from heights. They have such faith in their own ability that even when they do make some kind of miscalculation which results in a fall or injury, they do not change their behaviour. Such children continue to ignore or disobey adults who tell them not to do dangerous things and their parents’ disapproval does not seem to make any difference to them. While some insecure children may panic when faced with the possibility of danger, others seem to ignore it and appear to be fearless. These may be the ones who go on to be the sportspeople of tomorrow!

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Parenting Styles
1. In authoritarian parenting style, children are expected to follow the strict rules established by the parents. Failure to follow such rules usually results in punishment. Authoritarian parents fail to explain the reasoning behind these rules. These parents have high demands, but are not responsive to their children. Authoritarian parenting styles generally lead to children who are obedient and proficient, but they rank lower in happiness, social competence and self-esteem.
2. Like authoritarian parents, those with an authoritative parenting style establish rules and guidelines that their children are expected to follow. However, this parenting style is much more democratic. Authoritative parents are responsive to their children and willing to listen to questions. When children fail to meet the expectations, these parents are more nurturing and forgiving rather than punishing. They want their children to be assertive as well as socially responsible, and self-regulated as well as cooperative. Authoritative parenting styles tend to result in children who are happy, capable and successful.
3. Permissive parents, sometimes referred to as indulgent parents, have very few demands to make of their children. These parents rarely discipline their children because they have relatively low expectations of maturity and self-control. Permissive parents are generally nurturing and communicative with their children, often taking on the status of a friend more than that of a parent. Permissive parenting often results in children who rank low in happiness and self-regulation. These children are more likely to experience problems with authority and tend to perform poorly in school.
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Why are the children of authoritarian parents generally obedient and proficient?

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A recent report in Sport and Science magazine explains how sports training programmes need to be designed to fit the needs of individual athletes. Factors such as age, lifestyle and even language background are all important. The most successful training programmes are planned specifically for each individual athlete. Decisions about diet and even how much sleep they need can really affect their chances of success.

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Learning a foreign language is not an easy thing. It is a long and slow process that takes a lot of time and patience. But every educated person, every good socialist has to know English because it is absolutely necessary nowadays.
It is well known that reading books and magazines in the original, watching films and talking with the native speakers helps a lot. When learning a foreign language you learn the culture and history of the country where this language is spoken.

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The system of education in any country is aimed at developing a personality for the good of the individual and society as a whole. There are three main types of educational institutions in England: primary schools, secondary schools and universities.
Pre-school education in England begins at the age of 3 or 4. Around half of the children at this age attend nursery schools. Children of this age need care as well as education. That’s why kids play a lot, learn to listen attentively and to behave.

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There are no countries in the world where such a great variety of flora and fauna can be found as in Russia. 1_______. The highest mountains in our land are the Altai, the Urals and the Caucasus. 2________. The longest of them are the Volga, the Ob’, the Yenisei, the Lena and the Amur. 3_______.
On the Russian territory there are 11 time zones. The climate conditions are rather different: from arctic and moderate to continental and subtropical. 4_______. Oil, natural gas, different ores, ferrous and non-ferrous metals and other minerals are there in our country.