Вопрос № 800734 - Английский язык

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The most important of the laws protecting creditors allow the creditor to acquire a legal interest in (that is, a right in or claim to) some specific property of the debtor. This interest is enforceable if the debtor defaults (fails to pay according to the terms of the agreement) and is called a security interest. The debt is referred to as a secured debt. A creditor, who holds a security interest, is a secured creditor.

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Laws that set maximum interest rates are called usury laws. Usually such laws apply only to transactions involving the lending of money, not the buying of goods on credit. Also, the usury laws do not protect corporations because they are considered to be adequately protected by the abilities of their professional managers.

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The most important of the laws protecting creditors allow the creditor to acquire a legal interest in (that is, a right in or claim to) some specific property of the debtor. This interest is enforceable if the debtor defaults (fails to pay according to the terms of the agreement) and is called a security interest. The debt is referred to as a secured debt. A creditor, who holds a security interest, is a secured creditor.

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Usually, the debtor keeps possession of the liened property as long as the debt is not in default. Mortgages on homes are very common examples of this type of secured debt. However, if there is a default, the creditor is allowed to peacefully repossess the secured property if it is movable, such as a car or TV.

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Some secured debt arrangements permit the creditor to have possession of the property until the debt is paid. One such lien is the pledge, which arises when personal property is given to a creditor as security for the payment of a debt, or for the performance of an obligation. The property may be either goods or documents representing property rights (for example, corporate stock). The pledger voluntarily gives up possession of the property. The pledgee receives possession.

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A pawn is a pledge of tangible personal property, usually of small size and high value. This type of pledge includes items such as jewelry, cameras, or musical instruments. It excludes such items as stocks or bonds or other documents of value. A pawnbroker is a person in the business of lending money at interest who requires such tangible personal property as security.