Вопрос № 1072215 - Английский язык

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Marie and Pierre Curie knew that radium existed, but they had to prove it because a chemist believes in the existence of a new substance after seeing it, touching it, weighing it and finding out its atomic weight. They began working at that problem in 1898. Their task was to obtain pure radium. The way to separating radium was a difficult one. They could separate radium by treating large amounts of pitchblende.
In 1902 they succeeded in preparing a decigram of pure radium. Radium had something better than a beautiful colour, it was luminous. The discovery of radium gave them the possibility of discovering other radioactive substances.
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What colour was radium?

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1_______. He was the first to discover the law of dependence of the properties of the elements upon their atomic weights. 2_______. He published his famous “periodic classification” in 1869.
3_______. He predicted the existence of unknown elements which he called ekaboron, ekaaluminium and ekasilikon and for which he left gaps in his table. 4_______. The discovery of gallium in 1875 was followed by the discovery of scandium (ekaboron) in 1879 and the discovery of germanium (ekasilikon) in 1886. No gaps are left now for undiscovered elements.

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Electricity is a flow of negative charges called electrons. Electrons are particles that form a part of all atoms. These electric charges are measured in units called coulombs. Electricity is a very versatile form of energy that can be converted into many other forms of energy, including light and heat, direct current, which flows in one direction, and alternating current, which changes direction 60 times per second.
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What is electricity?

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Refraction is a property of all types of energy that travels in waves, including light. Light waves normally travel in straight lines, but when they pass from one transparent material to another, they usually refract, or bend. Refraction occurs because light travels at different speeds in different materials. As light from a material with a low density, such as air, enters a material with a high density, such as water, its speed is reduced. This causes it to bend (except when it enters a material at a right angle).

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Heat is a form of energy that transfers from one object or body to another if there is a difference in temperature between the two. When you are hot, for example, and the air outside your body is cooler, you lose heat to the air. A change in a body’s level of heat results in a change in the energy of its molecules. This gives rise to a temperature change, which may in turn lead to a change of state.

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There are billions of stars in the universe. Stars are massive, energy-filled globes of fiery gases. The force of gravity holds these gases together. At a star’s core, atoms of hydrogen join together to form helium in a process called nuclear fusion. The energy generated by this process produces a star’s heat and light. Collections of stars are called galaxies, and each galaxy contains many different types of stars.