Вопрос № 782655 - Английский язык

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London transport is the largest urban transport organisation in Europe, covering an operating area of over 630 square miles. Each working day, about 2.8 passenger journeys are made on 470 underground trains, which run along 250 miles of route. In addition nearly 4 million passenger trips are made on buses. 100 routes are operated by independent companies under control. 85% of London commuters use public transport.
The London Transport Museum is a unique collection. Frequent special exhibitions focus on particular aspects of transport in London.

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In Britain the most popular form of transport is the car. People use it everyday to get to work, go to the supermarket and take the children to and from school.
However, in a busy city centre, where there are not many parking spaces, people prefer to use public transport such as taxis, buses and trains. In London the Underground is the fastest and most convenient way of getting around.
In the countryside things are not quite the same. People travel by car everywhere as buses and trains are not very frequent.
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People prefer to use public transport in a busy city centre because …

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Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. It is found in three different states: solid, liquid and gaseous. Matter, as Albert Einstein explained in his Theory of Relativity, can also be described as a condensed form of energy. In Einstein’s own words:”Mass and energy are two different aspects of the same thing”.
We can see this in nuclear fission. The energy condenses to form a nucleus. When we bombard the nucleus with a neutron, the nucleus separates and releases some of the energy in the form of heat.

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An atom, a basic unit of matter, is a packet of energy with electric charges. Except for hydrogen, which has no neutrons, atoms are composed of a nucleus with neutrons and protons and a cloud with electrons orbiting the nucleus. The protons have a positive (+) charge. The electrons have a negative (−) charge. The neutrons have no charge. Opposite charges attract and like charges repel.

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The energy contained in atoms and molecules makes them vibrate and this vibration produces heat. Matter expands with heat. In an iceberg (solid matter), for example, the molecules absorb radiant energy from the sun and vibrate even more. Their temperature increases, they expand and form water (liquid matter). The molecules in the water vibrate until they evaporate and go up in the air (gaseous matter). When the temperature decreases, their vibration slows down and they condense into drops that fall as rain. Water is a liquid composed of two gases: oxygen and hydrogen.

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In a star there are two main forces: expansion and gravity. In a blue star, when the force of gravity is stronger than the force of expansion the star collapses at its centre. The, the pull of gravity from the centre of the star is so strong that it even swallows the light! This makes the star invisible: a black hole. Around each black hole there is an area called event horizon which emits radiation. There is a black hole at the centre of our galaxy.