Прочитайте текст. We determine how hot or cold something is by a measure called temperature. This te...: ответ на тест 1072214 - Английский язык

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We determine how hot or cold something is by a measure called temperature. This tells how much energy the atoms (tiny particles) inside a body contain. The more energy the atoms contain, the faster they move, and the higher the temperature. For each element (simple type of substance), there are specific temperatures at which changes of state occur. These are known as melting and freezing points. Scientists believe that absolute zero is the lowest possible temperature, below which atoms would have no energy.
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What is absolute zero?

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Nuclear physics
1. The study of the nucleus of an atom is known as nuclear physics. As a result of this study, scientists have discovered ways of splitting the nucleus to release huge amounts of energy. There are two types of nuclear reactions: nuclear fission and nuclear fusion. A controlled nuclear reaction inside a power station can be used to provide heat and light for our homes.
2. Nuclear power stations use fission to produce their energy. Fast-moving atomic particles called neutrons are fired at the nucleus of an atom to split it. This splitting is called fission and it causes other atoms to split in a chain reaction. Some mass (the number of heavy particles inside an atom) is lost in the process. This is converted into large amounts of nuclear energy.
3. Nuclear fusion is a type of nuclear reaction that creates huge amounts of energy. It takes place naturally inside the sun, creating the heat energy that we need to survive on Earth. At temperatures of about 14 million C dgr. the nuclei of two hydrogen atoms fuse, or join together. In the process, some mass (the number of heavy particles inside an atom) is lost and converted into energy. Scientists are trying to develop this form of nuclear reaction as a safer alternative to the nuclear fission that takes place in power stations.
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What form of producing energy is better studied by scientists?

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Pierre Curie became famous for his work on radioactivity and magnetism. From an early age he had great ability in mathematics. This led to his graduating from the University of Paris at just 18. His marriage to Paris immigrant Maria Sklodowska was the beginning of a world-famous partnership. Together they isolated two new radioactive elements, polonium and radium, and shared a Nobel Prize for physics in 1903 for their discovery of radioactivity. Pierre also worked on the properties of radioactive elements, identifying the existence of positive, negative, and neutral particles within an atom.
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What is Pierre Curie famous for?

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Electricity is a flow of negative charges called electrons. Electrons are particles that form a part of all atoms. These electric charges are measured in units called coulombs. Electricity is a very versatile form of energy that can be converted into many other forms of energy, including light and heat, direct current, which flows in one direction, and alternating current, which changes direction 60 times per second.
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What is electricity?

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Refraction is a property of all types of energy that travels in waves, including light. Light waves normally travel in straight lines, but when they pass from one transparent material to another, they usually refract, or bend. Refraction occurs because light travels at different speeds in different materials. As light from a material with a low density, such as air, enters a material with a high density, such as water, its speed is reduced. This causes it to bend (except when it enters a material at a right angle).

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Heat is a form of energy that transfers from one object or body to another if there is a difference in temperature between the two. When you are hot, for example, and the air outside your body is cooler, you lose heat to the air. A change in a body’s level of heat results in a change in the energy of its molecules. This gives rise to a temperature change, which may in turn lead to a change of state.