Вопрос № 223797 - Английский язык

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Heat causes some 1_______ to expand more than others. For example, copper expands more than iron. This 2_______ is used in the bimetal strip, which consists of two dissimilar strips of metal welded together. The strips are usually made of brass (an alloy of copper and zinc) and invar, a ferrous alloy which expands very little when heated.
An increase in 3_______ causes the brass to expand more than the invar. This expansion causes the bimetal strip to bend, and consequently a switch or a valve is 4_______.

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Heat causes liquids to expand. This effect is used in the 1_______. An increase in air temperature 2_______ the liquid to expand in the heat sensor. This expansion causes the valve to close and consequently the 3_______ of hot water is reduced.
After a time, the temperature will go down and the 4_______ will cool and contract. The spring load will now be greater than the liquid pressure and the valve will open. Once again, the hot water flow is increased.

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Heat causes liquids to expand. This effect is used in the 1_______. An increase in air temperature 2_______ the liquid to expand in the heat sensor. This expansion causes the valve to close and consequently the 3_______ of hot water is reduced.
After a time, the temperature will go down and the 4_______ will cool and contract. The spring load will now be greater than the liquid pressure and the valve will open. Once again, the hot water flow is increased.

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Man has always tried to improve his standard of living by changing his surroundings and by making 1_______ to simplify the everyday tasks necessary for his existence. At first, the only 2_______ he could use were those he could see around him – stone, wood and so on. He survived in competition with other animals because of his abilities with his 3_______ and their coordination with his brain. Because he did not have the strength and speed of some animals, his survival depended on his 4_______ use to get food and to keep him warm and safe.

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In many fields the science of the Mayas surpassed that of the Greeks and 1_______. Possessing a profound knowledge of mathematics and 2_______ they had achieved a rare degree of perfection in chronology and everything pertaining to calendar-making. In Chichen Itza they 3_______ observatories whose domes were better orientated than the one erected in Paris in the 17th century. They had adopted a sacred year of 260 days, a solar of 365 days and a Venusian year of 584 days. The exact duration of the solar year has been fixed at 365.2422 days. The Mayas put it at 365.2420 days, - i.e. with a decimal point of the number we have arrived after lengthy calculations. It is 4_______ that the Egyptians arrived at the same approximation, but to establish that we should have to believe in concordances in the Pyramids which are doubtful, whereas we actually possess the Mayas calendar.

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Exploration for oil around the Scottish shores has become a very big 1_______. This is an account of how oil is extracted from beneath the North Sea.
To get the oil out, four production problems will be used: huge 2_______, three made of concrete and one of steel, designed to work for 25 years or more. Instead of floating, they are planted firmly on the sea bed and designed to stand up to the worst of sea and weather. From each platform a series of holes is 3_______, some going almost straight down, others drilled at an 4_______ away from the platform so that a large volume of oil can be extracted. The oil does not lie there like a great swimming pool full of black liquid, it is trapped in small spaces between the porous rocks. To get as much as possible out many separate holes have to be drilled.