Вопрос № 348152 - Английский язык

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The Tay Bridge in Scotland was designed and built by Sir Thomas Bouch. 1_______. The bridge, which was over 3 kilometres long, opened in 1878 and fell down in a winter storm in 1879. 2_______.
There was the enquiry into the Tay Bridge disaster to find out why the accident happened. One of the constructions was that the design and construction were based on quickly and cheaply it could be built. Safety and strength were not thought about properly. 3___________ . Also, the design was based on experience rather than the more scientific and accurate calculations used today. 4___________. The results confirm that the design of the bridge was definitely substandard.

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1_______. The bridge, which was over 3 kilometres long, opened in 1878 and fell down in a winter storm in 1879. 2_______.
There was the enquiry into the Tay Bridge disaster to find out why the accident happened. One of the constructions was that the design and construction were based on quickly and cheaply it could be built. Safety and strength were not thought about properly. 3___________ . Also, the design was based on experience rather than the more scientific and accurate calculations used today.
During the twentieth century engineers used computers to do a detailed structural analysis of the design used for the Tay Bridge. 4___________.

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1___________. It is made in Britain by a family-owned company and it is handmade. Each Morgan is made individually. 2_______. There are no assembly lines because each stage of the manufacturing is done by highly-skilled craftsmen. For example, the wooden frame is made in the same way as the first organ in 1909, upholsterers make the leather seats, and sheet metalworkers make the panels by hand.
It takes a long time to take a car by hand.  3___________. Buyers put their name on a waiting list and then wait for the factory to tell them that their car is finished. 4___________ .Like proud parents-to-be, people on the waiting list can visit the factory to see their car being made and to talk to the craftsmen doing the work.

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In the past, technical drawings for industry and architecture were drawn by hand. 1_______. These hand-drawn diagrams provided clear information but were slow and expensive to make.
2_______. Computers can also:
1 save, change, and recycle the drawings
2 make 3D images
3 3__________
4 keep an electronic library of standard parts
5 make symmetrical images of components
6 make accurate and consistent drawings
A good way to explain the advantages is to think about architectural drawing.
4_______. Images of the rooms are created in 3D so the viewer can ‘walk’ through the rooms. Designers can also experiment with different arrangements of furniture and colours.

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1___________. There are two types: metal alloys and plastic polymers. The metal alloys were made first and they are usually an expensive mixture of titanium and nickel.
2_______:
- plastics that return to their original shape when the temperature changes.
One use is in surgery where plastic threads ‘remember’ the shape of a knot, react to the patient’s body temperature and make themselves into stitches.
- metal alloys  that have a ‘memory’ and can return to their original shape.
 3____________. The implant then expands back to its original shape.
- 4___________.

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1_______. Before the third century BC there were lots of smaller walls and these were joined together to make one long. The work was done by enormous gangs of forced labourers and many of them died doing the work. 2___________. It is made of earth covered with stone.
3___________. The stone structures were usually tombs for pharaohs. The pyramids have square bases with sloping sides which meet at an apex. The first pyramid was built in about 2600 BC and is over 140m high. 4___________. It is estimated that 20-25,000 people worked for 20 years to build each pyramid.