Вопрос № 190856 - Английский язык

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The human heart contracts from the first moment of life until the last one. The contractions of the heart pump the blood through the arteries to all 1_______ of the body. Physiologists have determined that in the adult the heart makes from 60 to 72 2_______ per minute. In children the rate of heart beat is much higher. Research work has determined that rate of heart beat increases depending on different emotions.
Each beat of the heart is followed by a 3_______ of rest. Each contraction and a period of rest compose a cardiac cycle.
Each cardiac cycle consists of three phases: the first phase of short contraction – the atrial systole, the second phase of a more prolonged contraction – the ventricular systole. The period of rest is called the diastole.
Research 4_______ of many physiologists has estimated the role of the ventricles as the main pump of the human heart.

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The heart is a pump. Its function is to pump the blood through the general and pulmonary circulation. The power required for this purpose varies greatly, depending on the position, exercise and resistance to blood flow.
To meet these varying requirements the heart has a wide reserve power. If the load on the heart is permanently increased the reserve is diminished or the heart undergoes hypertrophy to meet the increased requirements.
If, because of poor nutrition, infection or overstrain, hypertrophy fails, or the reserve is eliminated, the heart dilates, and heart failure or cardiac insufficiency develops.
Hypertrophy of the heart muscle is almost always accompanied by increase in the size of the heart cavities, but in dilatation, properly speaking, the muscle walls become thin and lose their tone and the size of the cavities is disproportionally large.
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Its function is to pump the blood _______.

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A _____ is one of a pair of bean-shaped organs by which urine is secreted,
collected, and discharged.

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_____ is the fluid that circulates in the heart, arteries, capillaries, and veins of a vertebrate animal.

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A _____ is one of the hard parts of the skeleton of a vertebrate.

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