Вопрос № 223768 - Английский язык

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Wood used for construction purposes is usually changed into laminated wood or wood panel products. Large structural wooden members are produced by glueing small strips of wood together.
Wood in panel form is more advantageous for many building purposes than board. Why is it so? First of all, because wood panels are much easier to install than boards. They require much less labour for the process of installation. Besides, swelling and splitting in panels are greatly decreased compared with boards. As to plywood panels, they are made up of thin wooden veneers glued together. It is of great importance to note that when wooden structures are designed the future stresses of their structural members must be predetermined.

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It is a well-known fact that in prehistoric times the great part of the world’s land surface was covered with forests. In places, where trees grew, man used wood to build homes for himself and his dependents.
The durability of wood and its use can be demonstrated, for example, by the existence of such buildings as churches of Scandinavia. In Russia, where sub-zero temperatures are quite common, wood has been widely used for both houses and churches because of its property of insulation against cold. Many old Russian churches are wooden, even to the onion-shaped domes with which they are decorated.
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Henry Cavendish was born in 1731 and died in 1810. He was an English nobleman who did scientific experiments as a hobby. In 1781 he made the important discovery that water is not an element but a compound of the gases we now call hydrogen and oxygen. He described his experiments to the Royal Society in 1785. His method was new. He showed that if electric sparks are passed through a mixture of hydrogen and oxygen the two gases combine explosively and form water. This was a dangerous experiment. Cavendish did his experiment safely; he wisely used a strong brass container for the gases. He also passed electric sparks through air and found that gases which readily dissolve in water form acids. We explain this reaction today as follows: oxygen and nitrogen combine and form oxides of nitrogen.
Cavendish also noticed that air contained a small proportion of a gas which did not combine with any other gas even if we pass electric sparks through it for a long time. Now we think that this gas was probably argon, one of the inert gases. It was rediscovered many years later.

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In algebra, letters are used to express the general properties of numbers. Representing one number by the letter a and another by the letter b, we can write the equality.
                                   a x b=b x a
or, more shortly, ab=ba.
If no other sign is indicated, the multiplication sign is understood between any two letters written side by side.
To represent numbers letters of the Latin alphabet are generally used.

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A brick is best described as “a building unit”. It may be made of burnt clay, of concrete, of mortar or of a composition of sawdust and other materials; in shape it is a rectangular solid and its weight is from 61/2 to 9 lb.
The shape and convenient size of a brick enables a man to grip it with an easy confidence and, because of this, brick-building has been popular for many hundreds of years. The hand of the average man is large enough to take a brick and he is able to handle more than 500 bricks in an eight-hour working day.

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A man, who has been an apprentice for some years in a building trade and has therefore enough skill to be considered a skilled worker at his trade, is called tradesman or craftsman.
He may be a carpenter-and-joiner, bricklayer, mason, slater-and-tiler, plumber, electrician, house painter, glazier, floor-and-wall tiler, paper-hanger, steeplejack, hot water fitter and so on.