Вопрос № 223721 - Английский язык

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There are more than 20 different minerals in the body. 1_______. Then there are small quantities of sulphur, chlorine, magnesium, iron, copper, iodine, fluorine, cobalt, zink and others. Three of the most important minerals are calcium, phosphorus and iron. 2_______. The bones and teeth have 99 per cent of the calcium in the body. If people have enough calcium and phosphorus their bones and teeth will be strong and hard. 3_______. Milk and hard cheeses are the best sources of calcium. 4_______.

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Calcium and phosphorus are important minerals in fetal – bone development, a pregnant woman requires 1.200 mg of calcium and phosphorus daily. This is a 50 increase over what a woman needed before she became pregnant.
Dairy products are excellent sources of both calcium and phosphorus, as well as of vitamin D which is necessary for calcium absorption.

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It is interesting that the milks of all species contain the same nutrients, differing only in proportions. Having found milk good food, man domesticated various species of mammals for dairy purposes throughout the world.
Cow milk is sure to be the principal type used in the world. Other animals utilized for their milk production include buffalo (in India, China, Egypt, and the Philippines), goats (in Mediterranean countries), reindeer (in northern Europe), and sheep (in southern Europe). In general, the processing technology used for cow milk can be successfully applied to milk obtained from other species.

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Domestication of animals is more than taming. Their habitat is restricted, protection assured, food supply maintained, and most important, breeding farm animals is done under human management and control.
In general animals have been domesticated for the following three purposes: as a source of food, clothing, etc, as assistants used in various human activities, or as pets.
The usefulness of animals domesticated may vary. For instance, European and many other peoples breed cows for obtaining milk and beef, but the Chinese do not milk cows, and Hindus do not eat beef.

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The origin of domestication is unknown. The dog is likely to be most widely distributed and variably used domesticated animal. It assists hunting, draws sledges in Northern parts of the Soviet union and America, a hairless type is bred for producing food in Mexico and elsewhere, while the specialized purposes for which dogs have been used are too numerous to mention.

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Cattle are the most important of the animals domesticated by man and, next to the dog, the most ancient. Domesticated cattle belong to the family Bovidae, which also includes the buffalo, the bison, yak, zebu and some others. Domestication of cattle has had varying degrees of success, from half-wild buffaloes to the tame British Jersey. Cattle were at first used and developed as draft animals and as suppliers of milk and were usually used for food only when no longer useful for the purposes mentioned. Only in very recent times have cattle raised to be eaten.