Вопрос № 223376 - Английский язык

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In the 17th century dentists tried to make false teeth again. The problem, however, was not making the teeth, it was keeping them in place. They had to tie each tooth to the one either side of it. Only rich people could afford false teeth which were usually made of ivory, gold or silver. As more and more people wanted new teeth to the rich so that they could buy food and clothing.
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What was the problem in the 17th century?

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One day a general went to a dentist. The dentist pulled out his six bad teeth. A week later the general heard that some shops were selling his extracted teeth. One tooth cost 5 dollars. On each of these teeth there was a label with a name of the general.
The general became very angry. He didn’t know what to do. Then an idea came to his mind. He told his six officers to go around the city and buy all his extracted teeth.
The officers left the office in the morning and visited a lot of shops in the capital. They were running from shop to shop all day long. In the evening they returned to the office and put all the teeth on the table in front of the general. They had bought 175 teeth.

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The greatest of Latin medical writers was without doubt Aulus Cornelius Celsus who lived in Rome at the beginning of our era.
Celsus was an outstanding encyclopedist of his time. Without being a practitioner, he was, however, a friend of physicians, a man of vast culture. He knew natural sciences and medicine and always expressed himself freely on different medical questions. – The complete work of Celsus, called ‘De artibus’, included agriculture, the military art, philosophy as well as medicine. The book that treats medicine, ‘De medicina libri octo’,was probably written in the reign of Tiberus between A.D. 25 and 35. The work was almost ignored by contemporary physicians, perhaps because nearly all of them as Greeks looked down on the work of a Roman. For centuries it was in oblivion. Only in the fifteenth century Celsus’ work on medicine was published in Florence.
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Why was his work ignored by contemporary physicians?

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Celsus divides the diseases that can be helped into general and local diseases. In the chapter on the diseases to be treated with drugs, lie examines those diseases which need immediate treatment, diseases’ presenting acute or chronic manifestations, accidental or traumatic manifestations, diseases with external phenomena.
Finally, in the last class of diseases, which we call surgical, Celsus made a new subdivision into the diseases of the bones and of the organs.
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What subdivision did Celsus make in the last class of diseases, which we call surgical?

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Medicine in Rome was at first practiced exclusively by foreigners. It was regarded as an ignoble profession to which no free man would devote himself. The first foreign physicians in Rome were Greeks.
The Greek physicians performed phlebotomies and sold remedies, and in their infirmaries they offered their services to all who asked. These physicians soon penetrated into patrician houses and rapidly made their fortunes. Soon they were employed in the bath, gymnasia, and the army. They became the physicians of gladiators and slaves; slaves themselves, they were often freed by their masters in recompense, for their service.
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Who were the first foreign physicians in Rome?

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Some people have good memories and easily learn long poems by heart. But they often forget them quickly. Other people remember things when they say them over and over. A good memory is a great help.
The best way to remember things is to join them in our mind with something which we know already.
The human mind is like a camera, but it takes photographs not only of what we see but of what we feel, hear, smell and taste.
Memory is the diary that we all carry about with us.
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Which way is the best to remember things?