Ответы на тесты по предмету Английский язык (18796 вопросов)
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This is the broad title for institutions authorized under the Banking Act 1987 as deposit-taking 1___________ involved in the classic banking business of taking deposits and lending money, both in the retail and wholesale markets. In Britain, they include the retail 2________ and institutions which offer banking services. In June 1994 there were 518 authorized banks including retail banks, merchant banks, 3__________ of overseas banks, discount houses and banking subsidiaries of both banking and non-banking institutions from 4__________ and overseas.
This is the broad title for institutions authorized under the Banking Act 1987 as deposit-taking 1___________ involved in the classic banking business of taking deposits and lending money, both in the retail and wholesale markets. In Britain, they include the retail 2________ and institutions which offer banking services. In June 1994 there were 518 authorized banks including retail banks, merchant banks, 3__________ of overseas banks, discount houses and banking subsidiaries of both banking and non-banking institutions from 4__________ and overseas.
institutions
banks
branches
Britain
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Retail banks primarily serve individuals and small to medium-sized businesses. The major retail 1__________ operate through more that 12,148 branches offering 2_________ deposit and withdrawal facilities and systems for transferring funds. They provide current account facilities, 3__________ interest-bearing accounts; deposit accounts; various types of loan arrangement; and offer an extending range of 4___________ services.
Retail banks primarily serve individuals and small to medium-sized businesses. The major retail 1__________ operate through more that 12,148 branches offering 2_________ deposit and withdrawal facilities and systems for transferring funds. They provide current account facilities, 3__________ interest-bearing accounts; deposit accounts; various types of loan arrangement; and offer an extending range of 4___________ services.
banks
cash
including
financial
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Building societies started in the late 18th century to pool 1_________ to build houses and to buy land. They currently compete with the retail banks to attract savings from and provide mortgage finance for the 2_________ sector. 3_________, they hold more savings than the other deposit-taking institutions. Building 4__________ are “mutual” institutions, owned by their savers and borrowers. Since the Building Societies Act 1986 the societies have been able to provide a wider range of services.
Building societies started in the late 18th century to pool 1_________ to build houses and to buy land. They currently compete with the retail banks to attract savings from and provide mortgage finance for the 2_________ sector. 3_________, they hold more savings than the other deposit-taking institutions. Building 4__________ are “mutual” institutions, owned by their savers and borrowers. Since the Building Societies Act 1986 the societies have been able to provide a wider range of services.
money
personal
Today
societies
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In March 1994, there were 255 branches of 1__________ banks in Britain which, together with 2__________ dealing in foreign securities, employ over 60,000 British people. The majority are based in London, including Moscow Narodny Bank, Bank of China and 38 Japanese banks. Citibank of the US is the largest of the 42 3_________ from the US based in Britain and has extended its activities into the 4__________ banking market and joined the clearing system.
In March 1994, there were 255 branches of 1__________ banks in Britain which, together with 2__________ dealing in foreign securities, employ over 60,000 British people. The majority are based in London, including Moscow Narodny Bank, Bank of China and 38 Japanese banks. Citibank of the US is the largest of the 42 3_________ from the US based in Britain and has extended its activities into the 4__________ banking market and joined the clearing system.
foreign
firms
banks
retail
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Merchant Banks are so 1__________ because they originate from large merchants engaging in banking activity. Their traditionally important 2__________ were helping 3_________ governments to raise loans and accepting Bills of Exchange but they are 4__________ involved in a range of activities including corporate finance, foreign exchange dealings and securities trading.
Merchant Banks are so 1__________ because they originate from large merchants engaging in banking activity. Their traditionally important 2__________ were helping 3_________ governments to raise loans and accepting Bills of Exchange but they are 4__________ involved in a range of activities including corporate finance, foreign exchange dealings and securities trading.
called
roles
foreign
today
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The investing institutions collect savings drawn from the personal sector and 1__________ them in the securities and other assets. The main investment 2__________ are insurance companies (providing general and life policies) together with 3____________ broking firms, personal funds, unit trusts and investment trusts. 4___________, they represent a massive pool of funds for investment.
The investing institutions collect savings drawn from the personal sector and 1__________ them in the securities and other assets. The main investment 2__________ are insurance companies (providing general and life policies) together with 3____________ broking firms, personal funds, unit trusts and investment trusts. 4___________, they represent a massive pool of funds for investment.
invest
institutions
insurance
Together
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Operating in both the public and private sectors, there are a number of different special 1__________ institutions offering loan finance and equity capital. In the private 2__________ they include finance 3________; specialist leasing houses; factoring companies and venture capital companies, each 4_________ an alternative to retail bank funding.
Operating in both the public and private sectors, there are a number of different special 1__________ institutions offering loan finance and equity capital. In the private 2__________ they include finance 3________; specialist leasing houses; factoring companies and venture capital companies, each 4_________ an alternative to retail bank funding.
financial
sector
houses
providing
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The city of London has long been the nexus of 1_________ activity in a number of highly organized financial markets. These include the London Stock Exchange, the sterling 2_________ and bond markets; the foreign exchange 3__________; eurocurrency markets; financial futures; 4__________; commodities; shipping and freight.
The city of London has long been the nexus of 1_________ activity in a number of highly organized financial markets. These include the London Stock Exchange, the sterling 2_________ and bond markets; the foreign exchange 3__________; eurocurrency markets; financial futures; 4__________; commodities; shipping and freight.
international
money
markets
billion
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А corporation is a business 1_________ authorized by the state to conduct business and is a separate legal entity from its owners. It is the dominant form of American 2__________ because it 3__________ it possible gather large amounts of capital together.
Before a corporation may do business, it must apply for and receive a charter from the state. The state must approve the articles of incorporation, describe the 4__________ purpose and structure of proposed corporation.
А corporation is a business 1_________ authorized by the state to conduct business and is a separate legal entity from its owners. It is the dominant form of American 2__________ because it 3__________ it possible gather large amounts of capital together.
Before a corporation may do business, it must apply for and receive a charter from the state. The state must approve the articles of incorporation, describe the 4__________ purpose and structure of proposed corporation.
organization
business
makes
basic
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Management of a 1_________ consists of the board of directors who decide corporate policy, and the officers who carry on the daily 2__________. The 3__________ is elected by the stockholders, and the officers are appointed by the board. Some specific duties of the board of directors are to declare dividends, authorize 4___________, decide on executive salaries, and arrange major loans banks.
Management of a 1_________ consists of the board of directors who decide corporate policy, and the officers who carry on the daily 2__________. The 3__________ is elected by the stockholders, and the officers are appointed by the board. Some specific duties of the board of directors are to declare dividends, authorize 4___________, decide on executive salaries, and arrange major loans banks.
corporation
operations
board
contracts
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The corporation form of business has several 1_________ over the sole proprietorship and partnership. It is a separate 2_________ entity and offers limited liability to the owners, ease of capital generation and 3__________ of transfer of ownership. 4_________, it allows centralized authority, responsibility and professional management.
The corporation form of business has several 1_________ over the sole proprietorship and partnership. It is a separate 2_________ entity and offers limited liability to the owners, ease of capital generation and 3__________ of transfer of ownership. 4_________, it allows centralized authority, responsibility and professional management.
advantages
legal
ease
In addition
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The corporation form of 1__________ has 2_________ disadvantages. It is subject to greater 3_________ regulation and double taxation. In addition, separation of ownership and control may allow management to 4__________ harmful decisions.
The corporation form of 1__________ has 2_________ disadvantages. It is subject to greater 3_________ regulation and double taxation. In addition, separation of ownership and control may allow management to 4__________ harmful decisions.
business
several
government
make
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Milbank is known to have advised a variety of Western clients over the years on trade, licensing and related transactions with 1________ Europe. Most recently, for example, Milbank advised a major American retail company on its sale of certain equipment for use in Russian 2_________ and assisted a Western bank in devising a structure to monetize East German foreign 3_________ obligations. Milbank has many 4________ of experience in advising clients on export controls and technology transfer restrictions that may be applicable in these transactions.
Milbank is known to have advised a variety of Western clients over the years on trade, licensing and related transactions with 1________ Europe. Most recently, for example, Milbank advised a major American retail company on its sale of certain equipment for use in Russian 2_________ and assisted a Western bank in devising a structure to monetize East German foreign 3_________ obligations. Milbank has many 4________ of experience in advising clients on export controls and technology transfer restrictions that may be applicable in these transactions.
Central
hotels
trade
years
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The Switzerland-based Nestle 1__________, once a Swiss chocolate maker, now is the world's biggest food company and the largest 2__________ of coffee, powdered milk, and frozen dinners. The company also became number 1 in candy after passing Mars. And with the purchase of Perrier for $2.7 billion, Nestle became the world's largest producer of mineral water with a 20 per cent share of the world 3__________. Nestle achieved its success through intensive global expansion. Nestle does only 2 per cent of its 4_________ in Switzerland: the remaining 98 per cent is in other countries.
The Switzerland-based Nestle 1__________, once a Swiss chocolate maker, now is the world's biggest food company and the largest 2__________ of coffee, powdered milk, and frozen dinners. The company also became number 1 in candy after passing Mars. And with the purchase of Perrier for $2.7 billion, Nestle became the world's largest producer of mineral water with a 20 per cent share of the world 3__________. Nestle achieved its success through intensive global expansion. Nestle does only 2 per cent of its 4_________ in Switzerland: the remaining 98 per cent is in other countries.
corporation
producer
market
business
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One of the first multinational 1__________, Nestle now has production facilities in more than 60 2__________. Its 3___________ can be found almost everywhere around the globe. In Europe, where Nestle’s success is greatest, 4_________ of instant coffee, mineral water, yogurt, frozen foods, cold cuts, candy, and cereal bars total roughly $10.2 billion.
One of the first multinational 1__________, Nestle now has production facilities in more than 60 2__________. Its 3___________ can be found almost everywhere around the globe. In Europe, where Nestle’s success is greatest, 4_________ of instant coffee, mineral water, yogurt, frozen foods, cold cuts, candy, and cereal bars total roughly $10.2 billion.
corporation
countries
products
sales
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One secret to Nestle’s 1_________ is that many of its products - especially instant coffee, chocolates, and frozen foods - appeal to consumers all over the 2__________. For example, coffee is closing in on tea as the favourite 3___________ in Japan. Frozen dinners, long a hit in the United States, are catching on in Europe. And of course chocolate tastes the same in any language. Although these products have to be adapted slightly to local tastes, they generally can be 4__________ worldwide.
One secret to Nestle’s 1_________ is that many of its products - especially instant coffee, chocolates, and frozen foods - appeal to consumers all over the 2__________. For example, coffee is closing in on tea as the favourite 3___________ in Japan. Frozen dinners, long a hit in the United States, are catching on in Europe. And of course chocolate tastes the same in any language. Although these products have to be adapted slightly to local tastes, they generally can be 4__________ worldwide.
success
world
drink
sold
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Britain is the world's leading financial 1_________ and the home of international banking and financial 2_________. The city of London holds the greatest concentration of 3___________ in the world and is responsible for about a fifth of total international bank lending. It also accommodates the world's largest insurance and reinsurance industry and one of the 4_________ largest stock exchanges.
Britain is the world's leading financial 1_________ and the home of international banking and financial 2_________. The city of London holds the greatest concentration of 3___________ in the world and is responsible for about a fifth of total international bank lending. It also accommodates the world's largest insurance and reinsurance industry and one of the 4_________ largest stock exchanges.
centre
markets
banks
world's
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The World Bank is the world’s foremost intergovernmental 1___________ concerned with the external financing of the economic growth of developing 2__________. The official title of the institution is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD).
Before recommending a Bank loan, the staff of the Bank must be reasonably satisfied that the productivity of the borrowing country will be 3___________ and that the prospects for repayment are good. A country must be judged creditworthy. Engineering investigations are frequently carried out to determine the probable relation of a proposed project to benefits and costs. Increasingly, however, the Bank has shifted somewhat away from project lending (e.g., for a dam or a highway or a port); it has become concerned with 4___________ and other human services, the environment, and, through structural adjustment loans, the modification of governmental policies that are thought to have impeded long-run growth.
The World Bank is the world’s foremost intergovernmental 1___________ concerned with the external financing of the economic growth of developing 2__________. The official title of the institution is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD).
Before recommending a Bank loan, the staff of the Bank must be reasonably satisfied that the productivity of the borrowing country will be 3___________ and that the prospects for repayment are good. A country must be judged creditworthy. Engineering investigations are frequently carried out to determine the probable relation of a proposed project to benefits and costs. Increasingly, however, the Bank has shifted somewhat away from project lending (e.g., for a dam or a highway or a port); it has become concerned with 4___________ and other human services, the environment, and, through structural adjustment loans, the modification of governmental policies that are thought to have impeded long-run growth.
organization
countries
increased
education
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The World Bank has paid increasing 1__________ to the evaluation of previous lending. Recently, moreover, it has acceded to the requests of the American secretary of the treasury to help to ease the huge, 2___________, largely commercial-bank debt.
Voting power in the Bank (as well as in the Fund) is determined by the size of each member nation’s subscription. Subscriptions, in turn, are based on a formula that takes into account such variables as the value of each nation’s foreign 3___________ and its total output. Ultimate power, through weighted voting, rests with the Board of Governors of the Bank (and the Fund). The governors meet annually in 4__________. The day-to-day affairs of the Bank are determined, however, by executive directors who live permanently in Washington, D.C.
The World Bank has paid increasing 1__________ to the evaluation of previous lending. Recently, moreover, it has acceded to the requests of the American secretary of the treasury to help to ease the huge, 2___________, largely commercial-bank debt.
Voting power in the Bank (as well as in the Fund) is determined by the size of each member nation’s subscription. Subscriptions, in turn, are based on a formula that takes into account such variables as the value of each nation’s foreign 3___________ and its total output. Ultimate power, through weighted voting, rests with the Board of Governors of the Bank (and the Fund). The governors meet annually in 4__________. The day-to-day affairs of the Bank are determined, however, by executive directors who live permanently in Washington, D.C.
attention
outstanding
trade
September
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Because of the size of the World Bank’s subscriptions, five nations - the United States, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom, and France - are entitled to appoint executive 1___________; the remaining seventeen directors are elected by some combination of the votes of the other nations. There are 156 members 2___________, but, with the independence of the Baltic States and the devolution of the Soviet Union into separate republics, the membership could increase to over 170, thereby including all the independent nations in the world.
The Soviet Union was one of the forty-four governments whose representatives signed the original Bretton Woods agreements, but along with the other members of the Warsaw Pact, it chose not to 3__________ the Bank or the Fund when these organizations were formally incorporated in 1946. (Poland and Czechoslovakia joined the Bank and the Fund initially but withdrew when the 4__________ war began in earnest and a loan to Poland was blocked by the United States.)
Because of the size of the World Bank’s subscriptions, five nations - the United States, Japan, Germany, the United Kingdom, and France - are entitled to appoint executive 1___________; the remaining seventeen directors are elected by some combination of the votes of the other nations. There are 156 members 2___________, but, with the independence of the Baltic States and the devolution of the Soviet Union into separate republics, the membership could increase to over 170, thereby including all the independent nations in the world.
The Soviet Union was one of the forty-four governments whose representatives signed the original Bretton Woods agreements, but along with the other members of the Warsaw Pact, it chose not to 3__________ the Bank or the Fund when these organizations were formally incorporated in 1946. (Poland and Czechoslovakia joined the Bank and the Fund initially but withdrew when the 4__________ war began in earnest and a loan to Poland was blocked by the United States.)
directors
nations
join
cold
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In 1954, an International Finance Corporation was established to supplement the World Bank by participating in equity 1__________ in member countries, and in 1960, a third organization, the International Development Association (IDA), was created. These three 2___________ constitute the World Bank Group. The IDA has the same officers and 3___________ as the World Bank, but its separate charter enables it to offer loans to low-income member countries repayable at 0.75 percent interest over 50 4_________ (including 10 years’ grace).
In 1954, an International Finance Corporation was established to supplement the World Bank by participating in equity 1__________ in member countries, and in 1960, a third organization, the International Development Association (IDA), was created. These three 2___________ constitute the World Bank Group. The IDA has the same officers and 3___________ as the World Bank, but its separate charter enables it to offer loans to low-income member countries repayable at 0.75 percent interest over 50 4_________ (including 10 years’ grace).
financing
organizations
staff
years
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Today, the World Bank Group is a far cry from what it was when the World Bank began in 1946 under President Eugene Meyer - with three floors of rented office space at 1818 H Street NW and a few dozen 1__________. Even in the final days of the presidency of George Woods, in 1968, the group had fewer than 1500 employees and four buildings. As of 2_________ 31, 1991, however, on the eve of the accession to the presidency of Lewis Preston, former chairman of the board of J. P. Morgan & Co., the World Bank 3_________ had 3 senior vice presidents, 14 vice presidents, and 6500 employees scattered through 18 separate buildings in Washington, D.C; 2 4_________ offices in Paris and Tokyo; and 50 regional offices.
Today, the World Bank Group is a far cry from what it was when the World Bank began in 1946 under President Eugene Meyer - with three floors of rented office space at 1818 H Street NW and a few dozen 1__________. Even in the final days of the presidency of George Woods, in 1968, the group had fewer than 1500 employees and four buildings. As of 2_________ 31, 1991, however, on the eve of the accession to the presidency of Lewis Preston, former chairman of the board of J. P. Morgan & Co., the World Bank 3_________ had 3 senior vice presidents, 14 vice presidents, and 6500 employees scattered through 18 separate buildings in Washington, D.C; 2 4_________ offices in Paris and Tokyo; and 50 regional offices.
employees
August
Group
large
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The World Bank Group has had a significant positive effect on the flow of capital to the poorer countries of the 1___________, both directly and indirectly, and knowledge of Third World 2____________ has increased enormously. Still, the record of growth is spotty. In much of East Asia, per capita income is rising rapidly, but in 3_________ south of the Sahara, in South Asia, and in much of Latin America, the growth of per capita 4__________ has been discouragingly slow.
The World Bank Group has had a significant positive effect on the flow of capital to the poorer countries of the 1___________, both directly and indirectly, and knowledge of Third World 2____________ has increased enormously. Still, the record of growth is spotty. In much of East Asia, per capita income is rising rapidly, but in 3_________ south of the Sahara, in South Asia, and in much of Latin America, the growth of per capita 4__________ has been discouragingly slow.
world
problems
Africa
income
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The purpose of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) is to promote 1__________ monetary cooperation through a permanent institution that 2___________ the machinery for consultation and collaboration on international monetary problems. Specifically, the function of the IMF is to facilitate the expansion and balanced growth of international 3__________, to promote orderly and stable foreign currency exchange markets, and to contribute to balance of payments adjustment. To further these objectives, the IMF monitors members’ macroeconomic policies, makes 4__________ resources available to them in times of balance of payments difficulties, and provides them with technical assistance in a number of areas.
The purpose of the International Monetary Fund (IMF) is to promote 1__________ monetary cooperation through a permanent institution that 2___________ the machinery for consultation and collaboration on international monetary problems. Specifically, the function of the IMF is to facilitate the expansion and balanced growth of international 3__________, to promote orderly and stable foreign currency exchange markets, and to contribute to balance of payments adjustment. To further these objectives, the IMF monitors members’ macroeconomic policies, makes 4__________ resources available to them in times of balance of payments difficulties, and provides them with technical assistance in a number of areas.
international
provides
trade
financial
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Much of the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF’s) work is centered on annual consultations with each member 1_________ to ensure that its national policies in the area of economic growth, price stability, 2__________ conditions, and exchange rates 3__________ into account their consequences for the world economy and avoid unfair exchange policies. To ensure compliance with these basic tenets, the Fund is empowered to exercise firm surveillance over the 4___________ rate policies of member countries.
Much of the International Monetary Fund’s (IMF’s) work is centered on annual consultations with each member 1_________ to ensure that its national policies in the area of economic growth, price stability, 2__________ conditions, and exchange rates 3__________ into account their consequences for the world economy and avoid unfair exchange policies. To ensure compliance with these basic tenets, the Fund is empowered to exercise firm surveillance over the 4___________ rate policies of member countries.
country
financial
take
exchange
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Before people can 1_________ anything, they must do two things. First they must earn the income to buy the things they want. Then they must decide how the money will be spent.
Most of the 2________ comes from work. In return for working, people receive a wage or a salary. The term «wage» typically refers to the earnings of 3___________ paid by the hour or unit of production. «Salary» refers to earnings paid on a weekly or 4_________ basis. How much you earn will depend on the kind of job, the abilities, the performance, and a number of other factors.
Before people can 1_________ anything, they must do two things. First they must earn the income to buy the things they want. Then they must decide how the money will be spent.
Most of the 2________ comes from work. In return for working, people receive a wage or a salary. The term «wage» typically refers to the earnings of 3___________ paid by the hour or unit of production. «Salary» refers to earnings paid on a weekly or 4_________ basis. How much you earn will depend on the kind of job, the abilities, the performance, and a number of other factors.
consume
income
workers
monthly
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Wealth can be expressed as the value of the things you own. Adding the value of all your possessions, bank accounts, savings, and the like will give you the total amount of your wealth.
Used in certain ways, wealth can 1__________ income. If you owned a house, you might be able to let others use it for a fee. In that instance economists would say that you used your 2__________ to earn «rent». Wealth, in the form of money that is loaned to others or deposited in a savings account, will earn interest. As you can see, interest and rent are two 3_______ of income that can be earned by wealth. 4________ types of income are dividends and capital gains that can be generated from the wealth.
Wealth can be expressed as the value of the things you own. Adding the value of all your possessions, bank accounts, savings, and the like will give you the total amount of your wealth.
Used in certain ways, wealth can 1__________ income. If you owned a house, you might be able to let others use it for a fee. In that instance economists would say that you used your 2__________ to earn «rent». Wealth, in the form of money that is loaned to others or deposited in a savings account, will earn interest. As you can see, interest and rent are two 3_______ of income that can be earned by wealth. 4________ types of income are dividends and capital gains that can be generated from the wealth.
earn
wealth
forms
other
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Tony, 23
“I’m a computer programmer. I work a 40-hour week. We have flexible hours so I can start and finish when I want. If we are very busy then I work overtime – I get paid extra for this. There are always problems to solve. This can be difficult, but it can also be quite creative. I earn a good salary, but my job doesn’t rule my life. I like to do different things in my free time.”
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When does Tony work overtime?
Tony, 23
“I’m a computer programmer. I work a 40-hour week. We have flexible hours so I can start and finish when I want. If we are very busy then I work overtime – I get paid extra for this. There are always problems to solve. This can be difficult, but it can also be quite creative. I earn a good salary, but my job doesn’t rule my life. I like to do different things in my free time.”
Ответьте на вопрос
When does Tony work overtime?
If he doesn’t work hard.
If he wants to earn a good salary.
If he wants to do some things in his free time.
If there is much to do at work.
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Erika, 25
“I’m a doctor in a large hospital. I work very long hours – 60 or 70 hours a week – often in the evenings and at weekends. The work is really interesting but it can also be quite stressful. I love my job and my colleagues are also my friends. I don’t have time for a social life. When I get home, I’m too tired to do anything except have dinner and watch TV.”
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Why does Erika have no time for a social life?
Erika, 25
“I’m a doctor in a large hospital. I work very long hours – 60 or 70 hours a week – often in the evenings and at weekends. The work is really interesting but it can also be quite stressful. I love my job and my colleagues are also my friends. I don’t have time for a social life. When I get home, I’m too tired to do anything except have dinner and watch TV.”
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Why does Erika have no time for a social life?
Because she doesn’t have any friends.
Because she wants to earn a lot of money.
Because she works at home.
Because she works very long hours.
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Tom, physiotherapist
“I work for the health service. There are a lot of rewards: the main one is the job satisfaction. I get a real sense of achievement when someone says ‘thank you’. You know you’re doing a worthwhile job. If you work hard, there are opportunities for promotion. I like the responsibility of making a difference to people’s lives. There are some benefits. We don’t get bonuses or anything like that, but there’s a very good pension. The health service pays for us to go on training courses, and people with children get help with paying for childcare.”
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When does Tom feel he is doing a worthwhile job?
Tom, physiotherapist
“I work for the health service. There are a lot of rewards: the main one is the job satisfaction. I get a real sense of achievement when someone says ‘thank you’. You know you’re doing a worthwhile job. If you work hard, there are opportunities for promotion. I like the responsibility of making a difference to people’s lives. There are some benefits. We don’t get bonuses or anything like that, but there’s a very good pension. The health service pays for us to go on training courses, and people with children get help with paying for childcare.”
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When does Tom feel he is doing a worthwhile job?
When he visits patients at home.
When he gets a good salary.
When he gets bonuses or something like that.
When people thank him.
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Monika
“I work six days a week, including evenings. In this job you need to be well organized and efficient. I plan the menus with the chef, handle the day-to-day running of the business, do the accounts, and manage a team of ten. The only part of the job I don’t like is dealing with the customers’ complaints.”
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How many people is Monika responsible for?
Monika
“I work six days a week, including evenings. In this job you need to be well organized and efficient. I plan the menus with the chef, handle the day-to-day running of the business, do the accounts, and manage a team of ten. The only part of the job I don’t like is dealing with the customers’ complaints.”
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How many people is Monika responsible for?
two
one
twenty
ten
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Ramon
“What I like about my job is that every day is different. I’m part of a team and we all get on well. I have to check quests in and out of the hotel, take reservation, and sort out problems. I enjoy dealing with people – except the ones who are rude. For a job like this, you need to be a sociable person and to be diplomatic.”
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What people doesn’t Ramon like?
Ramon
“What I like about my job is that every day is different. I’m part of a team and we all get on well. I have to check quests in and out of the hotel, take reservation, and sort out problems. I enjoy dealing with people – except the ones who are rude. For a job like this, you need to be a sociable person and to be diplomatic.”
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What people doesn’t Ramon like?
boring people
funny people
intelligent people
rude people
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Alex
“When I’m on a tour, I’m my own boss, and I really enjoy that. You need to be calm and resourceful for this job. Basically, I’m responsible for making sure that the tour goes smoothly and that people enjoy their holiday. I check the transport arrangements, organize the accommodation, tell people what’s happening each day, and deal with any problems. The only negative thing is that it’s a big responsibility.”
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How many negative things are there about Alex’s job?
Alex
“When I’m on a tour, I’m my own boss, and I really enjoy that. You need to be calm and resourceful for this job. Basically, I’m responsible for making sure that the tour goes smoothly and that people enjoy their holiday. I check the transport arrangements, organize the accommodation, tell people what’s happening each day, and deal with any problems. The only negative thing is that it’s a big responsibility.”
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How many negative things are there about Alex’s job?
two
a lot
some
one
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Riccardo Pavese works in a factory in Italy. He works shifts. One week he works in the mornings between 6.00 a.m. and 2.00 p.m., the next week he does afternoons, from 2.00 p.m. to 10.00 p.m. Then he works the night shift. This starts at 10.00 p.m. and finishes at 6.00 a.m. “I’m single, so the shifts are OK. I don’t work at the weekend. I see my friends then.”
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Why does Riccardo Pavese see his friends at the weekend?
Riccardo Pavese works in a factory in Italy. He works shifts. One week he works in the mornings between 6.00 a.m. and 2.00 p.m., the next week he does afternoons, from 2.00 p.m. to 10.00 p.m. Then he works the night shift. This starts at 10.00 p.m. and finishes at 6.00 a.m. “I’m single, so the shifts are OK. I don’t work at the weekend. I see my friends then.”
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Why does Riccardo Pavese see his friends at the weekend?
Because they are free.
Because he wants to see them.
Because they come to see him.
Because he doesn’t have to go to work.
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Paula Gonzalez
“I am a student, but I have a part-time evening job as a receptionist in a night club in Buenos Aires.
Our customers are usually tourists – they come at about 9.00 to see the tango show. I come at work at 8.00 every night of the week. The show starts at 10.00 and finishes a little after midnight.
I like the job. I meet people and I use my languages. I eat here after customers leave, and I get home at about 1.00 a.m.”
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Why does Paula Gonzalez like her job?
Paula Gonzalez
“I am a student, but I have a part-time evening job as a receptionist in a night club in Buenos Aires.
Our customers are usually tourists – they come at about 9.00 to see the tango show. I come at work at 8.00 every night of the week. The show starts at 10.00 and finishes a little after midnight.
I like the job. I meet people and I use my languages. I eat here after customers leave, and I get home at about 1.00 a.m.”
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Why does Paula Gonzalez like her job?
Because she works as a receptionist.
Because she gets home at about 1.00 a.m.
Because she lives in Buenos Aires.
Because she meets different people and uses her languages.
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Mercedes Sotelo
“I work in a travel agency in Almeria in Spain. I have a full-time job but my day is in two parts. The office opens between 8.00 a.m. and 1.00 p.m. Then it opens again at 5.00 p.m. and closes at 7.00 p.m. It’s about half an hour from the house to my office. It’s a very long day, and I work on Saturday too.”
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How much time does it takes Mercedes Sotelo to get to her office?
Mercedes Sotelo
“I work in a travel agency in Almeria in Spain. I have a full-time job but my day is in two parts. The office opens between 8.00 a.m. and 1.00 p.m. Then it opens again at 5.00 p.m. and closes at 7.00 p.m. It’s about half an hour from the house to my office. It’s a very long day, and I work on Saturday too.”
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How much time does it takes Mercedes Sotelo to get to her office?
about an hour
about five minutes
about two minutes
about half an hour
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Caroline Delon
“I’ve worked for about twelve years now, since I left university. I went to university and studied languages – English and Spanish – and business administration. When I left I had no idea what I wanted to do, but I knew the jobs I didn’t want. I never wanted a boring job in an office. I wanted to meet people, travel, use my languages. I took lots of temporary jobs, just to earn some money. I was a waitress, I served behind a barand, I worked as a guide for a travel company. Then I got a job as a secretary with an advertising agency. One of the clients of the advertising agency was the film company, called Talking Pictures, and I started working for them. I stayed there for quite a long time – about 5 years – as the Personal Assistant to the Managing Director.”
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How many jobs did Caroline Delon have?
Caroline Delon
“I’ve worked for about twelve years now, since I left university. I went to university and studied languages – English and Spanish – and business administration. When I left I had no idea what I wanted to do, but I knew the jobs I didn’t want. I never wanted a boring job in an office. I wanted to meet people, travel, use my languages. I took lots of temporary jobs, just to earn some money. I was a waitress, I served behind a barand, I worked as a guide for a travel company. Then I got a job as a secretary with an advertising agency. One of the clients of the advertising agency was the film company, called Talking Pictures, and I started working for them. I stayed there for quite a long time – about 5 years – as the Personal Assistant to the Managing Director.”
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How many jobs did Caroline Delon have?
ten
only one
three
four
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Eugenie Blanco
“I left Venezuela after High School and went to the States and did a two-year business course. Then I worked in an oil company for about four years. My first job was as a receptionist, but then they asked me to replace a senior secretary. Then I moved to London and worked for Marks & Spencer.
When I came to France, I got an ordinary secretarial job at the Venezuelan Embassy. But two weeks later they asked me to be a secretary to the Ambassador! I did that for four years here in Paris. Then I decided I would like to work at the airport for Venezuelan Airlines. I started the job and soon after they told me to go and work as a senior secretary in the Head Office. After that I joined the Herald Tribune – it’s been nine years now. They wanted someone with Spanish mother tongue, good English and knowledge of French. I love the job.”
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When did Eugenie Blanco begin to work for the Herald Tribune?
Eugenie Blanco
“I left Venezuela after High School and went to the States and did a two-year business course. Then I worked in an oil company for about four years. My first job was as a receptionist, but then they asked me to replace a senior secretary. Then I moved to London and worked for Marks & Spencer.
When I came to France, I got an ordinary secretarial job at the Venezuelan Embassy. But two weeks later they asked me to be a secretary to the Ambassador! I did that for four years here in Paris. Then I decided I would like to work at the airport for Venezuelan Airlines. I started the job and soon after they told me to go and work as a senior secretary in the Head Office. After that I joined the Herald Tribune – it’s been nine years now. They wanted someone with Spanish mother tongue, good English and knowledge of French. I love the job.”
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When did Eugenie Blanco begin to work for the Herald Tribune?
eight years ago
two weeks ago
four years ago
nine years ago
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Milan Havel
“My name is Milan Havel and I’m an assistant manager at the Hotel Ambassador in London. There are two assistant managers, and one of us is always on duty at busy times. The general manager has overall responsibility, of course, and we report directly to her. We are responsible for the day-to-day running of the hotel. We plan the work schedules, manage the accounts, and deal with any problems to do with staff or guests.
We have a staff of about 100 people. Basically, there are four departments, each with its own manager. Firstly, there’s front of the house – that’s receptionists, the people who deal with our guests on a daily basis. Then there’s housekeeping – all the services to do with the rooms. Then the banqueting and conference manager who organizes all the events that take place in the hotel. And finally, there’s the food and beverage manager.”
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What is Milan Havel responsible for?
Milan Havel
“My name is Milan Havel and I’m an assistant manager at the Hotel Ambassador in London. There are two assistant managers, and one of us is always on duty at busy times. The general manager has overall responsibility, of course, and we report directly to her. We are responsible for the day-to-day running of the hotel. We plan the work schedules, manage the accounts, and deal with any problems to do with staff or guests.
We have a staff of about 100 people. Basically, there are four departments, each with its own manager. Firstly, there’s front of the house – that’s receptionists, the people who deal with our guests on a daily basis. Then there’s housekeeping – all the services to do with the rooms. Then the banqueting and conference manager who organizes all the events that take place in the hotel. And finally, there’s the food and beverage manager.”
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What is Milan Havel responsible for?
He is responsible for all rooms.
He has overall responsibility.
He deals with the guests on a daily basis.
He is responsible for planning the work schedules, managing the accounts and deciding any problems with staff and guests.
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Alena Hejnova
“I’m the food and beverage manager. The food and beverage manager is responsible for the restaurant and the kitchen. Three people report directly to me: the head waiter, the bar manager, and the head chef. The head waiter manages the specialist wine waiters and the other waiters and waitresses. The bar manager is responsible for the bar staff. The head chef manages the kitchens and under him comes the assistant or sous chef. Then any other chefs report to the sous chef. Finally, the kitchen porters come at the bottom of the reporting line.”
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How many people is Alena Hejnova responsible for?
Alena Hejnova
“I’m the food and beverage manager. The food and beverage manager is responsible for the restaurant and the kitchen. Three people report directly to me: the head waiter, the bar manager, and the head chef. The head waiter manages the specialist wine waiters and the other waiters and waitresses. The bar manager is responsible for the bar staff. The head chef manages the kitchens and under him comes the assistant or sous chef. Then any other chefs report to the sous chef. Finally, the kitchen porters come at the bottom of the reporting line.”
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How many people is Alena Hejnova responsible for?
She is responsible for the bar staff.
She is responsible for the head waiter and the head chef.
Many people report her.
She is responsible for three people.
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Morag Findlay
“I am a manager of the shop Music Stand. We work six days a week, between nine thirty and six. Saturday is our busy day, so we have a Saturday boy, Ben, to help us. He only works on Saturday because he’s still at school. He does a lot of the physical work – you know, he cleans the floor, makes tea and coffee, puts prices on the books and instruments. It’s good to have an extra person on the till to take money from customers. There are a lot of boxes to unpack on Saturday. Ben does that too.”
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How many functions does Ben do?
Morag Findlay
“I am a manager of the shop Music Stand. We work six days a week, between nine thirty and six. Saturday is our busy day, so we have a Saturday boy, Ben, to help us. He only works on Saturday because he’s still at school. He does a lot of the physical work – you know, he cleans the floor, makes tea and coffee, puts prices on the books and instruments. It’s good to have an extra person on the till to take money from customers. There are a lot of boxes to unpack on Saturday. Ben does that too.”
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How many functions does Ben do?
three
He only cleans the floor.
He only unpacks the boxes.
five
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Susan Gilbert
“I am an Executive Secretary or Personal Assistant. I work for the head of international advertising at the Herald Tribune. I guess my job … the job of any Personal Assistant is to help our boss in whatever way he or she needs it. I do all the routine things: lots of internal paperwork. I arrange his agenda, I make all his arrangements, book his flights and hotels. I take dictation. I take all his phone calls … and I try to deal with them myself. The idea is to give my boss the time to do the really important things in his job.”
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Why does Susan Gilbert do all the routine things?
Susan Gilbert
“I am an Executive Secretary or Personal Assistant. I work for the head of international advertising at the Herald Tribune. I guess my job … the job of any Personal Assistant is to help our boss in whatever way he or she needs it. I do all the routine things: lots of internal paperwork. I arrange his agenda, I make all his arrangements, book his flights and hotels. I take dictation. I take all his phone calls … and I try to deal with them myself. The idea is to give my boss the time to do the really important things in his job.”
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Why does Susan Gilbert do all the routine things?
Because they are her functions.
Because she wants to help her family.
Because she likes her job.
Because she wants her boss does the important things in his job.
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Andy (team leader of Eco-challenge)
“Eco-challenge is very tiring. You need to be fit and to have a lot of stamina. As leader, you have to be able to work with other people and you must want to succeed. I need to be positive all the time. I’m responsible for making sure the team works together. I need to make decisions, to give encouragement and to help bring out the best in the team members.”
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What must Andy be as a leader?
Andy (team leader of Eco-challenge)
“Eco-challenge is very tiring. You need to be fit and to have a lot of stamina. As leader, you have to be able to work with other people and you must want to succeed. I need to be positive all the time. I’m responsible for making sure the team works together. I need to make decisions, to give encouragement and to help bring out the best in the team members.”
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What must Andy be as a leader?
Andy must be fit.
Andy must be responsible for many people.
Andy must work hard.
Andy must be positive all the time.
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Jenna (team member of Eco-challenge)
“You’re part of a team. It’s sometimes difficult to be unselfish when you’re tired and stressed, but the only way to succeed is to work together. You must have total commitment to the team’s success, so cooperation is really important. You have to be supportive, especially if one person is having problems. Sometimes things go wrong and you have to solve the problem; it’s important to be resourceful.”
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What is important for work in team?
Jenna (team member of Eco-challenge)
“You’re part of a team. It’s sometimes difficult to be unselfish when you’re tired and stressed, but the only way to succeed is to work together. You must have total commitment to the team’s success, so cooperation is really important. You have to be supportive, especially if one person is having problems. Sometimes things go wrong and you have to solve the problem; it’s important to be resourceful.”
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What is important for work in team?
Success is important for work in team.
A decision of any problem is important for work in team.
Any problem is important for work in team.
Cooperation is really important for work in team.
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The engineer Camillo Olivetti was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908. At his factory in Ivrea, he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter. Today the company headquarters are still in Ivrea, near Turin, but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world.
By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company produced 13,000 machines a year. Some went to customers in Italy, but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries.
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What did Camillo Olivetti produce at his factory?
The engineer Camillo Olivetti was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908. At his factory in Ivrea, he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter. Today the company headquarters are still in Ivrea, near Turin, but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world.
By 1930 there was a staff of 700 and the company produced 13,000 machines a year. Some went to customers in Italy, but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries.
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What did Camillo Olivetti produce at his factory?
Camillo Olivetti designed and produced the first American computer.
Camillo Olivetti designed and produced the first American typewriter.
Camillo Olivetti designed and produced the first Italian computer.
Camillo Olivetti designed and produced the first Italian typewriter.
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Adriano Olivetti started working for the company Olivetti in 1924 and later he became the boss. He introduced a standard speed for the production line of typewriters and he employed technology and design specialists. The company developed new and better typewriters and then calculators and accounting machines. In 1959 Olivetti produced the ELEA computer system. This was the first mainframe computer designed and manufactured in Italy.
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What did Olivetti produce during Adriano Olivetti’s time?
Adriano Olivetti started working for the company Olivetti in 1924 and later he became the boss. He introduced a standard speed for the production line of typewriters and he employed technology and design specialists. The company developed new and better typewriters and then calculators and accounting machines. In 1959 Olivetti produced the ELEA computer system. This was the first mainframe computer designed and manufactured in Italy.
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What did Olivetti produce during Adriano Olivetti’s time?
The company produced the ELEA computer system.
The company produced only typewriters.
The company produced typewriters, calculators and accounting machines.
The company produced typewriters, calculators, accounting machines and the ELEA computer system.
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In 1978, Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss of the company Olivetti. Olivetti increased its distribution and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more sophisticated office equipment. Soon Olivetti became one of the world’s leading companies in information technology and communications. There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti group – one for personal computers, one for other office equipment, one for systems and services, and two specializing in telecommunications.
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How many independent companies are there in the Olivetti group now?
In 1978, Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss of the company Olivetti. Olivetti increased its distribution and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more sophisticated office equipment. Soon Olivetti became one of the world’s leading companies in information technology and communications. There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti group – one for personal computers, one for other office equipment, one for systems and services, and two specializing in telecommunications.
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How many independent companies are there in the Olivetti group now?
only one company
four companies
many companies
five companies
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Cadbury Schweppes Plc is one of the oldest and largest family businesses in the world today.
The business was started by John Cadbury, who began making chocolate in the 1830s. He was joined in 1847 by his brother, Benjamin, and then John’s sons continued the business. A new factory was opened in 1879 and two years later the company began to export its products. Cadbury’s Dairy Milk, a milk chocolate bar, was introduced in 1905 and remains popular now. In 1922 the Cadbury Brothers started to manufacture products overseas and after the Second World War the company was still the most successful chocolate manufacturer in Britain. The company was also known for its advanced working conditions and for the comfortable houses that were built around its factory outside Birmingham for people of all classes.
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What is Cadbury Schweppes Plc famous for?
Cadbury Schweppes Plc is one of the oldest and largest family businesses in the world today.
The business was started by John Cadbury, who began making chocolate in the 1830s. He was joined in 1847 by his brother, Benjamin, and then John’s sons continued the business. A new factory was opened in 1879 and two years later the company began to export its products. Cadbury’s Dairy Milk, a milk chocolate bar, was introduced in 1905 and remains popular now. In 1922 the Cadbury Brothers started to manufacture products overseas and after the Second World War the company was still the most successful chocolate manufacturer in Britain. The company was also known for its advanced working conditions and for the comfortable houses that were built around its factory outside Birmingham for people of all classes.
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What is Cadbury Schweppes Plc famous for?
Cadbury Schweppes Plc is famous for its founder, John Cadbury.
Cadbury Schweppes Plc is famous for its advanced working conditions.
Cadbury Schweppes Plc is famous for Cadbury’s Dairy Milk.
Cadbury Schweppes Plc is the most successful chocolate manufacturer.
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Schweppes Limited was named after Jacob Schweppe, who was born in Germany but later moved to Britain. He started producing mineral water in the 1790s. The company was sold in 1799 but the name was kept by the new owners. New products were introduced – other soft drinks such as tonic water and lemonade, and later jams and tea.
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Who started Schweppes Limited?
Schweppes Limited was named after Jacob Schweppe, who was born in Germany but later moved to Britain. He started producing mineral water in the 1790s. The company was sold in 1799 but the name was kept by the new owners. New products were introduced – other soft drinks such as tonic water and lemonade, and later jams and tea.
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Who started Schweppes Limited?
German owners did.
John Cadbury did.
Benjamin Cadbury did.
Jacob Schweppe did.
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Jenny
“I left school at sixteen and did a secretarial course. Then I joined the company. It was all right at first, but after eight years I’m still doing the same job and I’m really bored. When I apply for promotion, they say that I haven’t got the right qualifications. I can transfer to another department, but secretarial tasks are the same in any department. I don’t know what to do. What do you think? Should I leave? Should I give up secretarial work?”
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When did Jenny join the company?
Jenny
“I left school at sixteen and did a secretarial course. Then I joined the company. It was all right at first, but after eight years I’m still doing the same job and I’m really bored. When I apply for promotion, they say that I haven’t got the right qualifications. I can transfer to another department, but secretarial tasks are the same in any department. I don’t know what to do. What do you think? Should I leave? Should I give up secretarial work?”
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When did Jenny join the company?
She joined the company at sixteen.
She joined the company after doing secretarial course.
She joined the company after leaving school.
She joined the company after leaving school and doing secretarial course.
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Morag Findlay
“I am a manager of this music shop. Music is really important to me: I’m a singer, my boyfriend’s a musician, and a lot of our friends are in the music world. We’ve got musical instruments in our shop – pianos, violins, guitars – and a lot of books and sheet music. I’ve always got popular instruments like records and we can order anything. The shop is open six days a week, between nine thirty and six. Our customers are adults, young people and children – people of all ages.”
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Why does Morag Findlay run the music shop?
Morag Findlay
“I am a manager of this music shop. Music is really important to me: I’m a singer, my boyfriend’s a musician, and a lot of our friends are in the music world. We’ve got musical instruments in our shop – pianos, violins, guitars – and a lot of books and sheet music. I’ve always got popular instruments like records and we can order anything. The shop is open six days a week, between nine thirty and six. Our customers are adults, young people and children – people of all ages.”
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Why does Morag Findlay run the music shop?
Because she is a singer.
Because she is a manager of this music shop.
Because she has got many musical instruments.
Because music is really important to her.
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Announcements of job opportunities can be read in different printed publications. By which of them is worth reacting to?
Don’t put much trust in ads in the yellow press. Solid companies place ads in prestigious expensive publications with a firm reputation.
Your main task is to understand whether the position being offered is consistent with the level of your skills, education, and experience in work.
Announcements of job opportunities can be read in different printed publications. By which of them is worth reacting to?
Don’t put much trust in ads in the yellow press. Solid companies place ads in prestigious expensive publications with a firm reputation.
Your main task is to understand whether the position being offered is consistent with the level of your skills, education, and experience in work.
репутация по форме
фирменная репетиция
форменная репутация
прочная репутация
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The structure of job opportunities ads is usually the same: the name of the vacant position, the list of the candidate’s professional duties, the demands made of the candidate, and the system of compensations and benefits. Ads are often published by employment agencies on behalf of their clients. The address of the office is usually not given – it is suggested that the resume should be sent to a P.O. box or else faxed.
The structure of job opportunities ads is usually the same: the name of the vacant position, the list of the candidate’s professional duties, the demands made of the candidate, and the system of compensations and benefits. Ads are often published by employment agencies on behalf of their clients. The address of the office is usually not given – it is suggested that the resume should be sent to a P.O. box or else faxed.
вакантное положение
вакантная позиция
позиция вакансии
вакантная должность
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Carefully read the demands made of the given position. The demand to know a foreign language is very important. In most cases there is a need for free command of the language – Fluent English. Free command implies an ability freely to deal with a foreign manager, competently to compile documents and speak on the phone. This demand may prove to be the most important.
Carefully read the demands made of the given position. The demand to know a foreign language is very important. In most cases there is a need for free command of the language – Fluent English. Free command implies an ability freely to deal with a foreign manager, competently to compile documents and speak on the phone. This demand may prove to be the most important.
бесплатное владение
бесплатная команда
свободная командировка
свободное владение
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One of the most difficult problems a young person faces is deciding what to do about a career. There are individuals, of course, who from the time they are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.
One of the most difficult problems a young person faces is deciding what to do about a career. There are individuals, of course, who from the time they are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.
безработица
карьера
оккупация
род занятия
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An interview for any kind of job, whether the interview is obtained through a friend, classified advertisement, or an agency, generally requires an appointment. It is important to be on time for your appointment. If you have made an appointment and cannot keep it, or if you will be more than ten minutes late, you should always call the interviewer. If you do not cancel the appointment or notify the interviewer that you will be late, you will create a negative impression on your possible employer.
An interview for any kind of job, whether the interview is obtained through a friend, classified advertisement, or an agency, generally requires an appointment. It is important to be on time for your appointment. If you have made an appointment and cannot keep it, or if you will be more than ten minutes late, you should always call the interviewer. If you do not cancel the appointment or notify the interviewer that you will be late, you will create a negative impression on your possible employer.
задавать вопросы
интервьюер
проводить собеседование
собеседование
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Victor had recently arrived in the United States, and he did not completely understand the need for appointment. He thought his friend was exaggerating.
One day he went to an employment agency. This agency specialized in placing people according to their qualifications. Victor wanted to start working as soon as possible so that he could afford his own apartment.
Victor had recently arrived in the United States, and he did not completely understand the need for appointment. He thought his friend was exaggerating.
One day he went to an employment agency. This agency specialized in placing people according to their qualifications. Victor wanted to start working as soon as possible so that he could afford his own apartment.
классифицирует
классификации
квалифицирует
квалификации
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Your working experience is the next section. List your experience starting with your most recent place of employment and work backwards.
Spell out the exact dates of employment, your position, and the name of the company you work for.
Your working experience is the next section. List your experience starting with your most recent place of employment and work backwards.
Spell out the exact dates of employment, your position, and the name of the company you work for.
перечисление
листок
позвоните
перечислите
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One of the most difficult problems a young person faces is deciding what to do about a career. There are individuals, of course, who from the time they are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.
One of the most difficult problems a young person faces is deciding what to do about a career. There are individuals, of course, who from the time they are six years old “know” that they want to be doctors or pilots or fire fighters, but the majority of us do not get around to making a decision about an occupation or career until somebody or something forces us to face the problem.
рисунок
облицовка
увидеться
сталкивается
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Quite often the ads do not decipher other demands in detail. For example, the ability to type in Russian\Latin. According to international standards, an adequate level of typewriting is a speed of 60 words per minute. Therefore, when claiming the given position, you need to check your speed or bring it up to the required level.
Quite often the ads do not decipher other demands in detail. For example, the ability to type in Russian\Latin. According to international standards, an adequate level of typewriting is a speed of 60 words per minute. Therefore, when claiming the given position, you need to check your speed or bring it up to the required level.
вид
набирать
тип
печатать
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There are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools, there are teachers who are professionally qualified to counsel you and to give detailed information about job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions. But even if you get other people involved in helping you make a decision, self-evaluation is an important part of the decision-making process.
There are a lot of people you can turn to for advice and help in making your decision. At most schools, there are teachers who are professionally qualified to counsel you and to give detailed information about job qualifications. And you can talk over your ideas with family members and friends who are always ready to listen and to offer suggestions. But even if you get other people involved in helping you make a decision, self-evaluation is an important part of the decision-making process.
советовать
давать совет
поворачиваться за советом
обратиться за советом
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There are several traditional ways of looking for a job.
A civilized and active means of looking for a job is studying the market of the offered vacancies to get an idea of necessary demands and size up your own chances.
The best way of doing this is to use the help of employment agencies or to independently study the ads of job opportunities being published.
There are several traditional ways of looking for a job.
A civilized and active means of looking for a job is studying the market of the offered vacancies to get an idea of necessary demands and size up your own chances.
The best way of doing this is to use the help of employment agencies or to independently study the ads of job opportunities being published.
вакансии о предложении
предложение вакансии
предложенные пустоты
предложенные вакансии
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An excellent resume may help you get job of your dream and a poor resume may mean a lost opportunity.
Since this is the first piece of information a company will receive about you, it is critically important that your resume be well-written.
You should be presented at the beginning of any interview that you have with a company. Ideally, resume should not be longer than one page.
An excellent resume may help you get job of your dream and a poor resume may mean a lost opportunity.
Since this is the first piece of information a company will receive about you, it is critically important that your resume be well-written.
You should be presented at the beginning of any interview that you have with a company. Ideally, resume should not be longer than one page.
достать работу
получение работы
вставать на работу
получить работу
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The style and format of a resume are extremely important. Your resume must be typed, preferably on a computer in order to format it most effectively. A neat and well-written resume with no spelling mistakes will give an employer the impression that you are accurate and take care of details.
The style and format of a resume are extremely important. Your resume must be typed, preferably on a computer in order to format it most effectively. A neat and well-written resume with no spelling mistakes will give an employer the impression that you are accurate and take care of details.
даст впечатление
производство впечатления
даст отпечаток
произведет впечатление
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Some people say that Americans go to work with resumes in their pockets. In this country, it is not unusual for people to change jobs frequently; changing jobs is a way of advancing professionally and financially. It is considered strange for a person to have three or four jobs over a period of ten years.
Some people say that Americans go to work with resumes in their pockets. In this country, it is not unusual for people to change jobs frequently; changing jobs is a way of advancing professionally and financially. It is considered strange for a person to have three or four jobs over a period of ten years.
изменение работы
изменять работе
перемена в работе
менять работу
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If you have a job and want to change it, keep the old job while you look for a new one. Having a job gives you an advantage. You can take your time and be selective. You also have more bargaining power. You may get a better salary offer if a prospective employer knows you are not in urgent need of a job.
If you have a job and want to change it, keep the old job while you look for a new one. Having a job gives you an advantage. You can take your time and be selective. You also have more bargaining power. You may get a better salary offer if a prospective employer knows you are not in urgent need of a job.
дополнительные выплаты
премия
страховка
заработная плата
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You've got an interview for a job - good! Now, we would like to give you some practical advice for your interview to be perfect.
First of all, try to find out everything you can about the company you are going to work at. You should remember that the interview must be a dialogue. The more you take part in the conversation, the more questions about the company, its production and its services you ask, the better impression you make. Make sure that you took with you all the necessary documents, including the copy of your resume. Take with you a pen and a note-book, so that you could write down all the questions that will come up to you during the conversation.
You've got an interview for a job - good! Now, we would like to give you some practical advice for your interview to be perfect.
First of all, try to find out everything you can about the company you are going to work at. You should remember that the interview must be a dialogue. The more you take part in the conversation, the more questions about the company, its production and its services you ask, the better impression you make. Make sure that you took with you all the necessary documents, including the copy of your resume. Take with you a pen and a note-book, so that you could write down all the questions that will come up to you during the conversation.
беседа
интервью
свидание
собеседование
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Try to come for the interview 10 minutes before it starts. Take something to read in case you have to wait. You may be asked to fill in the application. Every company has its own form of application. There are all kinds of questions, the employer wants to know about you as a candidate for the job. If for any reason you are getting late for the meeting or unable to come, call your interviewer and tell him/her about it.
Try to come for the interview 10 minutes before it starts. Take something to read in case you have to wait. You may be asked to fill in the application. Every company has its own form of application. There are all kinds of questions, the employer wants to know about you as a candidate for the job. If for any reason you are getting late for the meeting or unable to come, call your interviewer and tell him/her about it.
выполнить просьбу
выполнить аппликацию
найти применение
заполнить заявление
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You will be asked a lot of questions during the interview. Your interviewer may look cold and uninterested. Try to relax and remember that you are prepared for everything. Be honest, but don't give any information about yourself if you are not asked; interview is not a friendly talk. Don't talk about your personal problems and never say anything unpleasant about your former boss. Listen to the questions attentively before answering.
You will be asked a lot of questions during the interview. Your interviewer may look cold and uninterested. Try to relax and remember that you are prepared for everything. Be honest, but don't give any information about yourself if you are not asked; interview is not a friendly talk. Don't talk about your personal problems and never say anything unpleasant about your former boss. Listen to the questions attentively before answering.
проблемы человека
проблемы персонала
частные проблемы
личные проблемы
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If we are not indifferent to our future, while thinking about the future career we are to pay attention to a number of important things. We should determine our abilities and inclinations. Then we should analyse job prospects. We must know whether the profession we have chosen will guarantee good living conditions and give promotion. We must be sure we’ll avoid unemployment or at least will be able to apply our knowledge and skills in other fields of human activity. In short, we are to decide what we are going to do in our life and feel satisfied, but not bored or disappointed.
If we are not indifferent to our future, while thinking about the future career we are to pay attention to a number of important things. We should determine our abilities and inclinations. Then we should analyse job prospects. We must know whether the profession we have chosen will guarantee good living conditions and give promotion. We must be sure we’ll avoid unemployment or at least will be able to apply our knowledge and skills in other fields of human activity. In short, we are to decide what we are going to do in our life and feel satisfied, but not bored or disappointed.
платить за внимание
платить вниманием
быть внимательным
уделять внимание
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Finishing school is the beginning of the independent life for millions of school-leavers. Many roads are opened before them: vocational and technical schools, institutes and universities. But it is not an easy thing to choose a profession out of more than 2,000 existing in the world. Some pupils follow the advice of their parents, others can’t decide even after leaving school.
Finishing school is the beginning of the independent life for millions of school-leavers. Many roads are opened before them: vocational and technical schools, institutes and universities. But it is not an easy thing to choose a profession out of more than 2,000 existing in the world. Some pupils follow the advice of their parents, others can’t decide even after leaving school.
покидающие школу
прогульщики
оставляющие школу
выпускники школы
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It is known that teaching is a very specific and difficult job. It shouldn’t be taken easily. The teacher is a person who is learning as well as teaching all his life. Most jobs can be done within the usual office hours from 9 a.m. till 5 p.m., but teacher’s work is never done and evenings are usually spent in marking exercise-books and preparing for the next lesson.
Teachers do not only teach their subjects. They develop their pupils’ intellect, form their views and characters, their attitudes to life and to other people. It’s a great responsibility and the teacher must be a model of competence himself. It’s not as easy as it may seem at first.
It is known that teaching is a very specific and difficult job. It shouldn’t be taken easily. The teacher is a person who is learning as well as teaching all his life. Most jobs can be done within the usual office hours from 9 a.m. till 5 p.m., but teacher’s work is never done and evenings are usually spent in marking exercise-books and preparing for the next lesson.
Teachers do not only teach their subjects. They develop their pupils’ intellect, form their views and characters, their attitudes to life and to other people. It’s a great responsibility and the teacher must be a model of competence himself. It’s not as easy as it may seem at first.
форма взглядов и характер
сформированные взгляды и характер
формировать взгляды
формировать взгляды и характер
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It is not easy to decide what profession to choose. Usually, pupils’ plans for the future change many times during the school years. There are so many people who influence you in choosing your occupation. Parents and friends play a very important role in your choice. Teachers’ influence on pupils’ minds is also great.
My favourite subject is English. And I think this is my teacher who made it so.
It is not easy to decide what profession to choose. Usually, pupils’ plans for the future change many times during the school years. There are so many people who influence you in choosing your occupation. Parents and friends play a very important role in your choice. Teachers’ influence on pupils’ minds is also great.
My favourite subject is English. And I think this is my teacher who made it so.
очень важная роль в игре
игра очень важной роли
проигрывать очень важную роль
играть очень важную роль
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Generally it’s so not easy for a school-leaver to decide on his future career. There are some frivolous people who enter an institute thinking whether they like the profession they had chosen or not. But occupation you want to devote your life has to bring you satisfaction. So it should be something you can do and you really want to.
Generally it’s so not easy for a school-leaver to decide on his future career. There are some frivolous people who enter an institute thinking whether they like the profession they had chosen or not. But occupation you want to devote your life has to bring you satisfaction. So it should be something you can do and you really want to.
решение о будущей карьере
выбрать будущую работу
выбор будущей карьеры
выбрать будущую карьеру
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On the one hand, a good teacher does not only give knowledge but also serves a model of behaviour for his or her pupils, especially the young ones. He or she forms the pupils’ attitude to the subject. The manner in which he or she teaches matters a lot. On the other hand, a teacher mustn’t forget that he or she must study from the pupils. Studying is a constant process for a teacher. If one stops studying, learning something new every day, both in the sphere of his or her professional interest and in people’s relations, this means that it is time to stop teaching. Otherwise, it will do no good for the teacher and the pupils.
On the one hand, a good teacher does not only give knowledge but also serves a model of behaviour for his or her pupils, especially the young ones. He or she forms the pupils’ attitude to the subject. The manner in which he or she teaches matters a lot. On the other hand, a teacher mustn’t forget that he or she must study from the pupils. Studying is a constant process for a teacher. If one stops studying, learning something new every day, both in the sphere of his or her professional interest and in people’s relations, this means that it is time to stop teaching. Otherwise, it will do no good for the teacher and the pupils.
учитель не забывает
учитель не может забывать
учителей нельзя забывать
учитель не должен забывать
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The teacher’s task is not only to provide the pupils with information, but also to prepare them for everyday life, to make them good and responsible citizens of the society. While communicating with children a teacher studies them. The teacher must know the pupils’ interests beyond the classroom, share their concerns, and learn about their needs and abilities. He or she must be well aware of the pupils' good and bad sides, too.
Classroom climate depends a lot on the relations between a teacher and a pupil. Mutual respect of the teacher and the pupils is necessary if one wants to create a good and fruitful atmosphere at the lesson. To achieve this, the teacher's thinking should be on a higher level than that of the pupils.
The teacher’s task is not only to provide the pupils with information, but also to prepare them for everyday life, to make them good and responsible citizens of the society. While communicating with children a teacher studies them. The teacher must know the pupils’ interests beyond the classroom, share their concerns, and learn about their needs and abilities. He or she must be well aware of the pupils' good and bad sides, too.
Classroom climate depends a lot on the relations between a teacher and a pupil. Mutual respect of the teacher and the pupils is necessary if one wants to create a good and fruitful atmosphere at the lesson. To achieve this, the teacher's thinking should be on a higher level than that of the pupils.
обеспечивать учеников знаниями
обеспечивать людей информацией
брать информацию у учеников
обеспечивать учеников информацией
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It is the main aim of education to help children to live in the community and to prepare for real life situations. School becomes a place for work and play, for living and learning. A teacher takes an active part in shaping a child’s character, fostering honesty, kindness, and cooperation.
Teaching is a very difficult job but those who are well equipped for will have a happy and interesting life.
It is the main aim of education to help children to live in the community and to prepare for real life situations. School becomes a place for work and play, for living and learning. A teacher takes an active part in shaping a child’s character, fostering honesty, kindness, and cooperation.
Teaching is a very difficult job but those who are well equipped for will have a happy and interesting life.
брать активную часть
брать часть акций
принимать участие в акции
принимать активное участие
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In the USA cash is used to pay everyday services and little purchases. America dollars is the most popular world currency. 1__________________________.
Each bond has a picture of an American president, who was immortalized on it for his great deals.
For example: One dollar bond has a picture of George Washington - the first President оf America. He was elected a President for 2 terms (1789 and 1792).
2___________________________.
Coins also have pictures of famous American people. 3___________________. The smallest is a dime (10 cents). 4_____________________________.
In the USA cash is used to pay everyday services and little purchases. America dollars is the most popular world currency. 1__________________________.
Each bond has a picture of an American president, who was immortalized on it for his great deals.
For example: One dollar bond has a picture of George Washington - the first President оf America. He was elected a President for 2 terms (1789 and 1792).
2___________________________.
Coins also have pictures of famous American people. 3___________________. The smallest is a dime (10 cents). 4_____________________________.
They are in circulation since 1928 and had not been seriously changed since that period of time.
Five dollar bond has a picture of Abraham Lincoln, who was the 16th President of the USA (1860).
American coins have different sizes.
Then goes cent, then - nickel (5 cents) and the largest coin is a quarter (25 cents).
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Cash is easy to loose, it may also be stolen. 1________________________. They are accepted in hotels, restaurants and supermarkets. 2_______________________. 3__________________________. He is also given a document, certifying the purchase of the checks. 4_____________________________.
Cash is easy to loose, it may also be stolen. 1________________________. They are accepted in hotels, restaurants and supermarkets. 2_______________________. 3__________________________. He is also given a document, certifying the purchase of the checks. 4_____________________________.
That’s why most tourists use traveler’s checks for the safety of money.
Traveler’s checks can be purchased in banks.
To prevent other people to use traveler’s checks, the owner usually signs them right in the bank.
The document has all the necessary information and if the checks are lost they can be easily replaced.
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1____________________________. Several big American stores started to give their regular customers paper cards. 2__________________________. First paper "cards of trust" were accepted only in the store where customer got a card. But in 1936 more than 1000 trade enterprises of America signed the agreement of joint crediting their customers. It was the beginning of "plastic money" century.
3___________________________. They allow a person to avoid the necessity of carrying big amounts of money. Nobody except its owner use the card, because to cash it a person should enter a special figure code or secret word. 4______________________. The information about it goes to all places that accept credit cards and nobody can use it any more.
1____________________________. Several big American stores started to give their regular customers paper cards. 2__________________________. First paper "cards of trust" were accepted only in the store where customer got a card. But in 1936 more than 1000 trade enterprises of America signed the agreement of joint crediting their customers. It was the beginning of "plastic money" century.
3___________________________. They allow a person to avoid the necessity of carrying big amounts of money. Nobody except its owner use the card, because to cash it a person should enter a special figure code or secret word. 4______________________. The information about it goes to all places that accept credit cards and nobody can use it any more.
The first credit cards appeared in America in 1914.
Paper card allowed a customer buy something on credit.
Credit cards that people use nowadays have a lot of merits.
If the card is stolen or lost it is immediately annulled.
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Every credit card has sides. 1_____________________________. There is also a figure code and date (figure code comprises number and type of bank account and card's type and number).
2____________________________________.
To cash the card a person should insert it into a cash-machine. 3________________________. It also informs the main bank computer about all operations. 4________________________.
Every credit card has sides. 1_____________________________. There is also a figure code and date (figure code comprises number and type of bank account and card's type and number).
2____________________________________.
To cash the card a person should insert it into a cash-machine. 3________________________. It also informs the main bank computer about all operations. 4________________________.
On the first side of a card there are: a picture or hologram; last name and initials of the owner.
The second side of the card has: the specimens of owner’s signature; sometimes the owner’s picture; magnetic stripe.
Cash-machine reads the magnetic marks and the bank account number of the card, counts the bonds and pushes them through a small slot.
Cashed money is written off the account which is kept in computer memory.
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Credit card companies can be divided into 2 groups: commercial and bank group.
1___________________________. It is Diner’s Club and American Express. 2_____________________________.
Bank group includes companies that work with banks. 3_____________________. It is Master Card, Eurocard and Visa. 4______________________. Visa International was organized by banks which took part in a very popular program “Bank of America”.
Credit card companies can be divided into 2 groups: commercial and bank group.
1___________________________. It is Diner’s Club and American Express. 2_____________________________.
Bank group includes companies that work with banks. 3_____________________. It is Master Card, Eurocard and Visa. 4______________________. Visa International was organized by banks which took part in a very popular program “Bank of America”.
Commercial group includes companies connected with firms, selling goods and services.
Famous Diner’s Club card appeared in 1950, when the owners of the restaurants signed the agreement and started to give paper cards to the regular customers with good reputation.
They offer bank services and only through banks connected with trade companies and owners of the cards.
Master Card and Eurocard appeared at the end of the 60th.
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Banking hours and services may vary in different bank companies. Usually most of the people use the bank closest to their house. 1_____________________. But if you have a bank account in a particular bank you can use the services of any of its branches.
2_________________________. Savings account gives an opportunity to deposit or to draw money out of the account. 3______________________.
If you open checking account you will be given a checkbook with your account number. 4__________________________. It is safer than to pay by cash.
Banking hours and services may vary in different bank companies. Usually most of the people use the bank closest to their house. 1_____________________. But if you have a bank account in a particular bank you can use the services of any of its branches.
2_________________________. Savings account gives an opportunity to deposit or to draw money out of the account. 3______________________.
If you open checking account you will be given a checkbook with your account number. 4__________________________. It is safer than to pay by cash.
It is more convenient.
Banks are used to open savings or checking accounts.
Bank pays approximately 5 per cent interest.
Checks are used to pay bills.
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1__________________________. These documents point the amount of money on the account, all bank’s operations, that took place this month and levies monthly service charge.
2___________________________. To bank by computer a client should have a bank card and PIN. 3___________________________. 4_________________________.
1__________________________. These documents point the amount of money on the account, all bank’s operations, that took place this month and levies monthly service charge.
2___________________________. To bank by computer a client should have a bank card and PIN. 3___________________________. 4_________________________.
Every month bank sends its customers documents.
For extra convenience of the clients many banks have computers that work 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
Computers can perform different bank operations.
They are: to deposit and to draw money out of the account; to transfer money from savings to checking account and to give the client all information about his account.
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If you think that keeping your money under the bed is not a good idea, then you probably have a bank account. 1_________________________. You can also earn interest on a savings or deposit account. 2___________________________. 3_________________________.
Every month, the bank will send you a statement which tells you your balance and by how much you are in the black or in the red. 4______________________.
If you think that keeping your money under the bed is not a good idea, then you probably have a bank account. 1_________________________. You can also earn interest on a savings or deposit account. 2___________________________. 3_________________________.
Every month, the bank will send you a statement which tells you your balance and by how much you are in the black or in the red. 4______________________.
In Britain, you can pay in money and you can withdraw money from a current account quite easily.
You can transfer money to other accounts.
You can tell the bank to pay your electricity, telephone and other bills by standing order or direct debit too.
If you are overdrawn, you will probably have to pay interest on the debt.
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Importers and exporters do not use the same currency. 1___________________________. There are two ways of doing this. 2___________________________. 3___________________________. Then the importer pays. 4__________________________________.
Importers and exporters do not use the same currency. 1___________________________. There are two ways of doing this. 2___________________________. 3___________________________. Then the importer pays. 4__________________________________.
When they buy and sell goods they change money from one currency to another.
First, the importer can pay in his own currency and the exporter changes it on the international currency market.
Secondly, the importer sells his own currency and purchases the exporter.
Usually the banks buy and sell currency for their clients.
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Importers and exporters do not use the same currency. 1________________________. Exchange brokers and dealers deal in foreign exchange (FOREX) transactions. 2____________________________. For example, one day the exchange rate is 0.526 pound sterling to a dollar. 3__________________________. 4___________________________________.
Importers and exporters do not use the same currency. 1________________________. Exchange brokers and dealers deal in foreign exchange (FOREX) transactions. 2____________________________. For example, one day the exchange rate is 0.526 pound sterling to a dollar. 3__________________________. 4___________________________________.
The international currency market consists of a net of international banks.
The exchange rates change (or fluctuate) from day to day.
Another day it is 0.520 pound sterling to a dollar.
Dealers and banks choose the best rates and profit by FOREX dealing.
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In London money can be changed either at banks, at bureaux de change or at customers’ services desk in big department stores.
1___________________________. 2_____________________________. They accept plastic cards Visa, Access as well as Eurocheques, traveller’s cheques and, of course, cash. 3_______________________________.
Bureaux de change are usually open for longer hours and every day.
4____________________________________.
In London money can be changed either at banks, at bureaux de change or at customers’ services desk in big department stores.
1___________________________. 2_____________________________. They accept plastic cards Visa, Access as well as Eurocheques, traveller’s cheques and, of course, cash. 3_______________________________.
Bureaux de change are usually open for longer hours and every day.
4____________________________________.
Banks are usually open from 9.30 a.m. until 3.30 p.m.
Some are open on Saturday, but never on Sunday.
Many banks have cash dispensing machine services.
The exchange rates are often shown in the running lines placed in the windows or on the walls of the bureaux de change for everybody to see.
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1_________________________. Its main competitor is the Access card. Between 1979 and 1990, Access was more popular than Barclaycard, which lost money in 1990. 2_____________________________. By October 1991, theirs was the number one in Britain and Barclaycard were in profit again.
3_____________________________. If you bought an item with a Barclaycard and something happened to it in the next hundred days, you got your money back.
Barclaycard asked an advertising agency, BMP DDB Needham, to design a new campaign. 4______________________________. They created Latham, an old-fashioned James Bond character who thinks he knows everything.
1_________________________. Its main competitor is the Access card. Between 1979 and 1990, Access was more popular than Barclaycard, which lost money in 1990. 2_____________________________. By October 1991, theirs was the number one in Britain and Barclaycard were in profit again.
3_____________________________. If you bought an item with a Barclaycard and something happened to it in the next hundred days, you got your money back.
Barclaycard asked an advertising agency, BMP DDB Needham, to design a new campaign. 4______________________________. They created Latham, an old-fashioned James Bond character who thinks he knows everything.
Barclaycard is a popular British credit card from Barclays Bank.
That same year Barclaycard launched a card with new features with a very successful advertising campaign.
One of the features of the new card was free insurance.
They wanted to show the public that Barclaycard: is accepted all over the world; offers free insurance; is replaced quickly if you lose it.
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1_____________________________.
In most places, the sales tax is from 5 to 10 per cent of the price of goods you buy. 2_____________________________. For example, for technical equipment, books, records, household products, appliances, cameras and films. 3_____________________________. 4_______________________________.
1_____________________________.
In most places, the sales tax is from 5 to 10 per cent of the price of goods you buy. 2_____________________________. For example, for technical equipment, books, records, household products, appliances, cameras and films. 3_____________________________. 4_______________________________.
Cities and states in the USA have the right to charge an additional percentage of the cost of some goods.
You should pay the sales tax for many non-food items.
You will pay a sales tax for prepared food, for example, when you are in a restaurant.
You must remember that the prices listed on items in stores do not include sales tax - a cashier will add it to your bill.
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1______________________________? They use pounds (Ј) and pence (p). 2______________________________. The smallest coin is the five pence coin. 3______________________________. But two coins have seven sides. The little coin with seven sides is the twenty pence coin. 4_______________________________. The coins are made of metal, but the five pound and the pound notes are made of paper.
1______________________________? They use pounds (Ј) and pence (p). 2______________________________. The smallest coin is the five pence coin. 3______________________________. But two coins have seven sides. The little coin with seven sides is the twenty pence coin. 4_______________________________. The coins are made of metal, but the five pound and the pound notes are made of paper.
What money do people use in Britain?
There are one hundred pence in a pound.
Most coins are round.
The big coin with seven sides is the fifty pence coin.
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1__________________________. They are accepted as hard currency in most hotels, restaurants and shops. 2_______________________________. Besides the main clearing banks, good places to change them are Thomas Cook. 3__________________________.
Due to the wider availability of cash machines, cards are now a more practical method of payment than traveler’s checks. 4______________________________.
1__________________________. They are accepted as hard currency in most hotels, restaurants and shops. 2_______________________________. Besides the main clearing banks, good places to change them are Thomas Cook. 3__________________________.
Due to the wider availability of cash machines, cards are now a more practical method of payment than traveler’s checks. 4______________________________.
Traveler’s checks are extremely useful.
Traveler’s checks can also be replaced if lost or stolen.
And there are some other offices (American Express, for example), or the bank-operated check points (bureaux de change).
This plastic money is used as legal currency.
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If you want to invest money at short term, you’ve got several possibilities: first, a current account. 1__________________________. It also entitles you to a cheque-book. 2__________________________. It is a better investment as it gives a higher interest. 3____________________________. For larger amounts, you must give the bank a few months’ notice. 4_____________________________. These pay the highest interest. However, they block your capital for a fixed period of 3, 4 or 5 years. Your choice of short-term investment, therefore, will depend largely on how quickly you’d like to have access to your money.
If you want to invest money at short term, you’ve got several possibilities: first, a current account. 1__________________________. It also entitles you to a cheque-book. 2__________________________. It is a better investment as it gives a higher interest. 3____________________________. For larger amounts, you must give the bank a few months’ notice. 4_____________________________. These pay the highest interest. However, they block your capital for a fixed period of 3, 4 or 5 years. Your choice of short-term investment, therefore, will depend largely on how quickly you’d like to have access to your money.
This gives you the possibility of having all your money at your immediate disposal.
Second, you’ve got a deposit account.
However, though you are entitled to a cheque-book, you can only withdraw up to a certain sum each month.
Finally, you have certificates of deposit. These pay the highest interest.
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The main feature of money is its acceptance as the means of payment or medium of exchange. 1_________________________. It is a standard of value, a unit of account, a store of value and a standard of deferred payment.
2___________________________. Workers work for money. 3___________________________. We accept money not to consume it directly but because it can subsequently be used to buy things we wish to consume. 4___________________________.
The main feature of money is its acceptance as the means of payment or medium of exchange. 1_________________________. It is a standard of value, a unit of account, a store of value and a standard of deferred payment.
2___________________________. Workers work for money. 3___________________________. We accept money not to consume it directly but because it can subsequently be used to buy things we wish to consume. 4___________________________.
Nevertheless, money has other functions.
Money, the medium of exchange, is used in one-half of almost all exchange.
People buy and sell goods in exchange for money.
Money is also the medium through which people exchange goods and services.
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In barter economy there is no medium of exchange. 1___________________________. In a barter economy, the seller and the buyer each must want something the other has to offer. 2______________________________. There is a double coincidence of wants.
3___________________________. People must spend a lot of time and effort finding others with whom they can make mutually satisfactory swaps. 4___________________________.
In barter economy there is no medium of exchange. 1___________________________. In a barter economy, the seller and the buyer each must want something the other has to offer. 2______________________________. There is a double coincidence of wants.
3___________________________. People must spend a lot of time and effort finding others with whom they can make mutually satisfactory swaps. 4___________________________.
Goods are traded directly or swapped for other goods.
Each person is simultaneously a seller and a buyer.
Trading is very expensive in a barter economy.
Since time and effort are scarce resources, a barter economy is wastefill.
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1__________________________. It makes the trading process simpler and more efficient.
2__________________________. Society considers it convenient to use a monetary unit to determine relative costs of different goods and services. 3__________________________.
To be accepted in exchange, money has to be a store of value. 4__________________________.
1__________________________. It makes the trading process simpler and more efficient.
2__________________________. Society considers it convenient to use a monetary unit to determine relative costs of different goods and services. 3__________________________.
To be accepted in exchange, money has to be a store of value. 4__________________________.
Money is generally accepted in payment for goods, services, and debts.
Money can also serve as a standard of value.
In this function money appears as the unit of account, is the unit in which prices are quoted and accounts are kept.
Money is a store of value because it can be used to make purchases in the future.
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1__________________________. Money is a store of value because it can be used to make purchases in the future.
2__________________________. Since money pays no interest and its real purchasing power is eroded by inflation. 3____________________________.
Finally, money serves as a standard of deferred payment or a unit of account over time. 4____________________________.
1__________________________. Money is a store of value because it can be used to make purchases in the future.
2__________________________. Since money pays no interest and its real purchasing power is eroded by inflation. 3____________________________.
Finally, money serves as a standard of deferred payment or a unit of account over time. 4____________________________.
To be accepted in exchange, money has to be a store of value.
Houses, stamp collections, and interest-bearing bank accounts all serve as stores of value.
There are almost certainly better ways to store value.
When you borrow, the amount to be repaid next year is measured in money value.
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1___________________________. Similarly, the monetary value of most coins exceeds the amount you would get by melting them down and selling off the metals they contain. 2____________________________. Since the manufacturing costs are tiny, why doesn’t everyone make $10 notes? 3_____________________________. 4___________________________.
1___________________________. Similarly, the monetary value of most coins exceeds the amount you would get by melting them down and selling off the metals they contain. 2____________________________. Since the manufacturing costs are tiny, why doesn’t everyone make $10 notes? 3_____________________________. 4___________________________.
A $10 note is worth far more as money than as a 3x6 inch piece of high-quality paper.
By collectively agreeing to use token money, society economizes on the scarce resources required to produce money as a medium of exchange.
The essential condition for the survival of token money is the restriction of the right to supply it.
Private production is illegal.
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Society enforces the use of token money by making it legal tender. 1________________________. In modern economies, token money is supplemented by IOU.
2________________________.
A bank deposit is IOU money because it is a debt of the bank. 3________________________. You can write a cheque to yourself or a third
party and the bank is obliged to pay whenever the cheque is presented. 4________________________.
Society enforces the use of token money by making it legal tender. 1________________________. In modern economies, token money is supplemented by IOU.
2________________________.
A bank deposit is IOU money because it is a debt of the bank. 3________________________. You can write a cheque to yourself or a third
party and the bank is obliged to pay whenever the cheque is presented. 4________________________.
The law says it must be accepted as a means of payment.
An IOU money is a medium of exchange based on the debt of a private firm or individual.
When you have a bank deposit the bank owes you money.
Bank deposits are a medium because they are generally accepted as payment.
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14B Page Street
1____________
Ipswich IP4 3SG
England
June 25th 1997
The Personnel Manager
IPF Leisure
24 Boulevard St Michel
Paris 75005
France
2___________,
I am writing 3_____________ of Executive Secretary as advertised in the London Evening News on June 24th.
I enclose my CV and 4____________ hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
P.G. West (Ms)
14B Page Street
1____________
Ipswich IP4 3SG
England
June 25th 1997
The Personnel Manager
IPF Leisure
24 Boulevard St Michel
Paris 75005
France
2___________,
I am writing 3_____________ of Executive Secretary as advertised in the London Evening News on June 24th.
I enclose my CV and 4____________ hearing from you.
Yours faithfully,
P.G. West (Ms)
Eaton
Dear Sir\Madam
to apply for the post
look forward to