Ответы на тесты по предмету Английский язык (18796 вопросов)

Определите, является ли утверждение:

Car owners are obliged to exploit public transport.

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A system can properly function when all its elements are present.

Определите, является ли утверждение:

System theory was only applied to management at the turn of the century.

Расположите  абзацы в логической последовательности, чтобы получился связанный текст

The system by which a person found guilty of a crime is not sent to prison, but is legally required to report regularly to an official for a fixed period of time is called …

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The oldest known _______ are engraved and painted using red ochre and black pigment and show horses, lions, buffalo, mammoth or humans often hunting.

Thermodynamics is a branch of natural science concerned with ______ and its relation to energy and work.

Лишним словом имеющим другое смысловое значение является

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In old Roman legends, Mercury was the swift-footed messenger of the gods. The year on the planet of Mercury is only 88 earth days.
Mercury always keeps one side towards the sun. On this side it is always day, on the other side it is always night. We see only the lighted side.
Mercury appears to us like a yellowish-orange star. The nearest planet to the sun, it is always seen near the sun, either before sunrise or soon after sunset. People sometimes call Mercury the morning or evening star, though it is really a planet.
On its lighted side Mercury’s temperature is about 300 degrees Centigrade. But the dark side is deathly cold — about 150 degrees below zero. So Mercury is probably the coldest, as well as the hottest of the planets.       
Закончите предложение в соответствии с содержанием текста
Mercury is seen near the sun _____.

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The ZX 1000 electric 1_______ has two speeds: the fast speed is 3,000 rpm and the slower speed is 1,000 rpm. Adjust the speed according to the 2_______ of material and the size of the hole. For example, use the faster speed for a soft material such as 3_______ to drill holes smaller than 10 millimetres (10 mm) in diameter but choose the slower speed for holes between 10 and 25 mm. However, for steel, a 4_______ material, use the faster speed for holes smaller than 6.5 mm and choose the slower speed to drill holes between 6.5 and 10 mm.

Выберите выражение, которое не относится к теме “The hotels”.

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They are not having their holidays _____ this year.

Лишним словом имеющим другое смысловое значение является

They've published a book of george bush's _________ and it looks really interesting

Выберите слово, которое не относится к теме «Metals».

Выберите антоним к слову top

Подберите слова, противоположные по значению
1. noisy
2. fast
3. cheap
4. careful

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Advertising
1. Advertising is one of the largest industries. It is an important means of promoting the goods that are being produced as well as new lines in business. There are specialized firms dealing with advertising, different kinds of mass media (TV, radio, newspapers, cinema, journals, magazines, posters) are used for advertising goods. Special leaflets, booklets and other printed matter about goods may be published for the same purpose. Participation in fairs and exhibitions helps to promote the goods as well.
2. Advertising benefits consumers and the economy in a number of ways: it provides us with information about prices, appearance of certain new goods and services, and their availability; advertising often results in lower prices because by creating mass markets, advertising enables producers to reduce the costs of their products and pass those savings on to the consumers; advertising stimulates competition, and competition benefits all of us; advertising pays most of the cost of magazines and newspapers, and all of the cost of commercial radio and TV.
Advertising helps the economy as a whole by stimulating consumer demand. Consumer spending has a direct effect on the health of the economy. Advertising helps to keep that spending at healthy levels.
3. Not everyone agrees that advertising benefits the economy. Critics list the following points of its disadvantages: the information contained in advertising does not inform and often misleads the consumer; because it costs money to advertise, this cost is added to the price consumers pay; consumers are tempted to spend money for products they do not really need; radio and TV are not really free because the cost of advertising on them is also passed on to the consumer.
Основной идеей текста является …

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Sport is probably as old as the humanity itself. It has been developing with the developing and growth of the mankind. All over the world people of different ages are very fond of sports and games. Sport not only helps people to become strong and to develop physically but also makes them more organized and better disciplined in their daily activities. It makes for a healthy mind in a healthy body. Sports help people to keep in good health.
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All over the world people of different ages are very fond of __________________.

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Chris is trying to give ______ smoking.

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The company has achieved all its _____.

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Cultural _____ are general practices found in every culture.

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A _____ is a fixed-magnet alternating-current generator designed to generate sufficient voltage to fire the spark plugs.

Дополните диалог подходящими по смыслу словами или предложениями.
Jane: Most of all I like cooking salads. What about you?
Olga: As for me, 1_______.
Jane: What did you cook last?
Olga: I made cabbage rolls last Sunday for my sister’s birthday party. It’s your favourite dish.
Jane: Can it be called golubtsy?
Olga: Yes. Both of these names are for the same dish.
Jane: I like it too. 2_______?
Olga: I place whole head in a large sauсepan with boiling water and boil it 2–3 minutes.
Jane: 3_______?
Olga: I cook meat with onion, add rice, eggs, salt and pepper, put three tablespoons of this mixture on each cabbage leaf and wrap it.
Jane: 4_______?
Olga: I mix tomatoes, bouillon, sugar, salt and pepper.
Jane: Do you cook them in oven?
Olga: Yes, about one hour, turning occasionally.

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Bronchitis may be mild or 1_______. It simply means that the cold has spread to the air passages. There may or may not be fever, but 2_______ may be severe and it may interfere with feeds and sleep. If there is fever and the person coughs frequently, you must consult a 3_______. Even without fever, if the cough persists a doctor should be consulted. 4_______ may be given to bring down the fever.

Выберите нужный префикс, чтобы образовать слово от предложенного lead

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There is one evident ______ between Kate and Ann.

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The Egyptian pyramids are huge structures which are almost 4600 years old. The Pyramid of Cheops consists of 2300000 stones. Each of the stones weighs 2.5 tonnes.
According to the usual explanation large blocks of stone were cut in the mountains and then transported with the help of the most primitive equipment. So about 100 thousand people had to take part in the construction.
But the modern experiments show that the stones of pyramids were made synthetically. The Egyptians produced some special solution. Later they mixed it with one of the minerals. It took them several hours to transform this mixture into very hard rock. This rock was produced just on the construction sites and so there was no need of transporting heavy stones.
Ответьте на вопрос
How much does each of the stones weigh?

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Lake Superior is the 1_______ lake in the United States. It is 616 km long, and 258 km 2_______. The deepest part of the 3_______ is 405 m. It is one of the five Great Lakes of North America. Its name 4_______ from French and means ‘upper’ lake. Lake Pontchartrain Causeway in Louisiana is the longest bridge in the world. It is 39 km long and it was completed in 1956.

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1. New York is ____ than Moscow.
2. This is ____ park in London.
3. The new cinema in our district is ____.
4. Population in London is not ____ in Tokyo, which is the most populated city in the world.

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In the USA there are three levels of organization of medical service: the private doctor, the medical institution or hospital and the United State Public Health Service.
The average American has a doctor of his own, whom he calls his ‘family doctor’. The doctor gives the patient regular examinations, vaccinations and medical advice. This doctor receives pay directly from the patient.
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How many levels of organization of medical service are there in the USA?

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A microwave oven
1. A microwave oven works by passing non-ionizing microwave radiation, usually at a frequency of 2.45 gigahertz (a wavelength of 12.24 centimetres), through the food. Microwave radiation is between common radio and infrared frequencies. Water, fat, and other substances in the food absorb energy from the microwaves in a process called dielectric heating.
2. Many molecules (such as those of water) are electric dipoles, meaning that they have a positive charge at one end and a negative charge at the other, and therefore rotate as they try to align themselves with the alternating electromagnetic field of the microwaves. This molecular movement represents heat which is then dispersed as the rotating molecules hit other molecules and put them into motion.
3. Microwave heating is more efficient on liquid water than on fats and sugars (which have a smaller molecular dipole moment), and also more efficient than on frozen water (where the molecules are not free to rotate).  Microwave heating is sometimes explained as a resonance of water molecules, but this is incorrect: such resonance only occurs in water vapor at much higher frequencies, at about 20 GHz.
4. A common misconception is that microwave ovens cook food from the "inside out". In reality, microwaves are absorbed in the outer layers of food in a manner somewhat similar to heat from other methods. The misconception arises because microwaves penetrate dry non-conductive substances at the surfaces of many common foods, and thus often induce initial heat more deeply than other methods. Depending on water content, the depth of initial heat deposition may be several centimetres or more with microwave ovens, in contrast to infrared or convection heating, which deposit heat thinly at the food surface. Penetration depth of microwaves is dependent on food composition and the frequency, with lower microwave frequencies (longer wavelengths) penetrating better.
(Encyclopedia Wikipedia)
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Locomotives on some railroads are known to be equipped with apparatus located in the cab, which gives a continuous indication to the engineman identical with that shown by wayside signals.

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Alice said that her parents _______ back in a week.

Выберите нужное определение, чтобы закончить предложение.
Heathrow is _______.

Определите, является ли утверждение:

Churches, convents and monasteries were used for theatrical performances.

Определите, является ли утверждение:

Different architectural styles should serve the needs of public welfare.

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The Scottish man who lived most of his life in the USA, _______, invented the telephone.

Выберите правильный вариант местоимения
She wasn’t very hungry. She has just had __________ soup.

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Your friend: Would you like to come to our house on Sunday?
You: __________________

Расположите части делового письма в правильном порядке

Укажите, какой из абзацев текста (1, 2, 3, 4) содержит следующую информацию:

The head of Green Action group gives his view of the development.

Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения

Mate: .Did you pass the exam in physics?.

Paul: ._________________.

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Cesare Lombroso
1. Professor Lombroso is a criminologist whose views, though not altogether correct, caused a lot of interest and made other people look into the problem of crime in a more scientific way. He is regarded as the father of the scientific study of criminals, or criminology. Lombroso studied at the universities of Padua, Vienna, and Paris, and later he became a professor of psychiatry and forensic medicine, a director of a mental asylum.
2. In an enormous book called The Criminal, he set out the idea that there is a definite criminal type, who can be recognized by his or her appearance. Some of what he said is difficult to believe. For example, he said that left-handed persons have a criminal instinct. Among the things he considered important were the shape of the head, colour of the hair, the eyes, the curve of the chin and forehead and if the ears stick out.
3. Lombroso's theories were widely influential in Europe for a time, but his emphasis on hereditary causes of crime was later strongly rejected in favour of environmental factors. Lombroso tried to reform the Italian penal system, and he encouraged more humane and constructive treatment of convicts through the use of work programs intended to make them more productive members of society.
Основной идеей текста является …

Соотнесите первую часть предложения со второй
1. I saw Jack
2. They’ve got a car
3. I can remember his face
4. I bought a newspaper

Выберите антоним к слову false

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Boys hurt _____ when they fell.

Употребите нужный артикль, где это возможно
He eats _____ meat every day. 

Употребите нужную форму имени прилагательного
That bike is _______ than that car. 

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I went by train and _____ at the station by my aunt.

Выберите слово, где окончание читается как [s]

Заполните пропуски в письме следующими фразами
The commercial Attache
British Embassy
Avenue 30th March
Djemsa, ABRACA

8th July, 1996

Dear Sir,
Miss Crawshaw of the Export Services Branch, Broad of Trade asked me to write to you direct.
1_________________ making high quality office furniture and equipment. 2________________ Djemsa for about ten days in early November to study the ways of introducing our products for the Abracan market.
Six copies of our catalogue are enclosed. 3__________________ in working out an itinerary and introduce me to possible buyers and agents during my visit 4________________.
Yours faithfully,
John Martin
Sales Manager
HARPER & GRANT LTD.

Употребите нужную форму глагола.
The economic situation is already very bad and it _______ worse.

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ARNOLD SCHWARZENEGGER
 I was born in a little Austrian town, outside Graz. When I was ten years old, I had the dream of being the best in the world in something. When I was fifteen, I had a dream that I wanted to be the best body 1 _____ in the world and the most muscular man. It took me some time of hard work. Five years later, I became Mr. Universe, the best-built man in the world.  I hold the record as Mr. Olympia, the top professional body-building championship. I 2 _____ it six times. That's why I retired. There was 3 ____ even close to me. Everybody gave up competing against me. When I was a small boy, my dream was not to be big physically, but big in way that everybody 4 ____ to me when I talk, that I’m a very 5 ____ person, that people recognize me and see me as something special.
I have emotions. But what you do, you keep them cold or you store them away for a time. Sport is one of those 6 ____ where you really have to concentrate. You have to 7 _____ at a very early date what you want: a normal life or to achieve things you want to achieve. I never wanted to win a popularity contest in doing things the way people want me to do it. I went the road I thought was best for me.
I believed very strongly in the philosophy of staying hungry. If you have a dream and it becomes a reality, don't stay 8 ____ with it too long. 9 ____ a new dream and hunt after that one and 10 _____ it into reality. When you have that dream achieved, make up a new dream.

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7% of all schoolchildren in England and 4% in Scotland go to independent school sector that is separate from the state educational system. Parents of pupils attending public schools can afford to pay for their education, and in some cases fees can be several thousand pounds a year.
About 250 of the larger independent schools are known for historical reasons as public schools. Eton, which was founded in 1440, is the first grammar school called a “public school” because pupils could come to it from any part of England.
Ответьте на вопрос
What pupils go to independent schools?

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They went for a stroll around _______ St. James’ Park.

Выберите правильный вариант местоимения
Travellers’ checks are useful when one is travelling because _________ people refuse to
accept them.

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He knows ________ history of French Revolution well

Укажите, какой части текста (1, 2, 3, 4) соответствует следующая информация:

Systems theory gives scientists a better understanding of the nature of managing processes.

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The Trackster is designed to find people trapped in damaged buildings after an earthquake or an explosion. It enables the rescue team to search for victims from a safe distance. The Trackster consists of a small body with four tracks. It is operated by a hand-held control panel. This sends a radio signal to the robot. The trickster runs on an electric motor which is powered by a ten-volt portable battery. A video camera is attached to the front of the robot – this allows the rescue team to see if there is anyone in the building.

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The development of transport facilities was very important in the growth of the United States. The first travel routes were natural waterways. No surfaced roads existed until the 1790s, when the first highways were built. Besides the overland roads, many canals were constructed between the late 18th century and 1850 to link navigable rivers and lakes in the eastern United States and in the Great Lakes region.
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The first highways were built …

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THE AMERICAN ECONOMY AT THE END OF THE 20TH CENTURY

1. The United States entered the 21st century with an economy that was bigger, and by many measures more successful, than ever. Not only had it endured two world wars and a global depression in the first half of the 20th century, but it had surmounted challenges ranging from a 40-year Cold War with the Soviet Union to extended bouts of sharp inflation, high unemployment, and enormous government budget deficits in the second half of the century. The nation finally enjoyed a period of economic calm in the 1990s: prices were stable, unemployment dropped to its lowest level in almost 30 years, the government posted a budget surplus, and the stock market experienced an unprecedented boom. In 1998, America’s gross domestic product exceeded $8.5 trillion.

2. Though the United States held less than 5 percent of the world’s population, it accounted for more than 25 percent of the world’s economic output. Japan, the world’s second largest economy, produced about half as much. And while Japan and many of the world’s other economies grappled with slow growth and other problems in the 1990s, the American economy recorded the longest uninterrupted period of expansion in its history.

3. As in earlier periods, however, the United States had been undergoing profound economic change at the beginning of the 21st century. A wave of technological innovations in computing, telecommunications, and the biological sciences were profoundly affecting how Americans work and play.

4. The United States remains a “market economy.” Americans continue to believe that an economy generally operates best when decisions about what to produce and what prices to charge for goods are made through the give-and-take of millions of independent buyers and sellers, not by government or by powerful private interests. In a free market system, Americans believe, prices are most likely to reflect the true value of things, and thus can best guide the economy to produce what is most needed.
‘Continuity and Change’ http://usinfo.state.gov
Определите, является ли утверждение
America is still trying to overcome the damage brought about by the Great Depression.

A public official whose duty is to administer the law, especially by presiding over trials and rendering judgements is a …

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An electroscope is a sensitive instrument for detecting small electric charges. It consists of a glass-jar closed with a stopper of insulting material in which is fitted a varnished glass-tube. A rod passes through the tube. At the top of the rod there is a metal ball or disc and at the bottom of the rod two pieces of gold leaf are suspended. When a charge is brought near the electroscope, a charge of opposite sign is induced on the metal ball, and a charge of the same sign appears on the two of the gold leaves. Since, the two pieces of gold leaf now have charges of like sign they repel each other.

Заполните пропуски в предложении соответствующей неличной формой глагола.
My father likes _______ for long walks in the early morning.

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William and Sharma work for Cool Sounds Ltd. Sharma has been refused 1_______ and believes that she has been discriminated against on racial grounds. She intends to make 2_______ to the Employment Tribunal. William has agreed to be 3_______ in any tribunal proceedings and has advised her to go ahead with her claim. He has been told by his 4_______ that if he does give evidence he can ”forget any chance of a bonus or promotion in the future”. He later gives evidence and is demoted.

A guide book can be extremely helpful when you’re visiting a place for the first time. Guide books provide loads of practical information, such as the opening times and entrance fees of the main attractions, and often recommend sights to visit and places to stay. They can also provide interesting information about the history of the place and famous people who lived there.
Основной идеей текста является …

A guide book can be extremely helpful when you’re visiting a place for the first time. Guide books provide loads of practical information, such as the opening times and entrance fees of the main attractions, and often recommend sights to visit and places to stay. They can also provide interesting information about the history of the place and famous people who lived there.
Закончите предложение согласно содержанию текста:
Guide books also provide interesting information about …

Расположите пропущенные предложения в таком порядке, чтобы получился связный текст.
There are many superstitions in Britain. But one of the most widely held is that it is unlucky to open an umbrella in the house. 1_______. The person who opens an umbrella in fine weather is very unpopular.
It's very unlucky to walk under a ladder. If you must pass under a ladder you can avoid bad luck by crossing your fingers and keeping them crossed until you've seen a dog.
The number 13 is said to be unlucky for some. 2_______.
The worst misfortune that can befall you is breaking a mirror. That will bring you seven years of bad luck. 3_______.
And at last there is a superstition of touching wood for luck. 4_______.

Дополните диалог:
Alice: Paul, take that pipe, please. 1_______.
Paul: Oh! It is very light. 2_______?
Alice: 3_______.
Paul: Why is it made of plastic?
Alice: 4_______, it is a rigid material, but it is less flexible than rubber. In fact, it is the lightest and the least expensive material.

Most of the time of a modern man is spent within the walls of some building. Houses are built for dwelling; large buildings are constructed for industrial purposes; theatres, museums, public and scientific institutions are built for cultural activities of the people. The purposes of modern buildings differ widely, but all of them originate from the efforts of primitive men to protect themselves from stormy weather, wild animals and human enemies. Protection was looked for everywhere. In prehistoric times men looked for protection under the branches of trees, some covered themselves with skins of animals to protect themselves from cold and rain; others settled in caves.
Основной идеей текста является …

Установите соответствие между именем числительным и вариантом его чтения:
1) 4
2) 437
3) 4.37
4) 4,370

Выберите нужный суффикс, чтобы образовать слово от предложенного historic.

Выберите антоним к слову connect

Прочитайте текст.
Although many kinds of people working in or studying legal affairs are referred to as lawyers, the word really describes a person who has become officially qualified to act in certain legal matters because of examinations he has taken and professional experience he has gained. Most countries have different groups of lawyers who each take a particular kind of examination in order to qualify to do particular jobs. In Japan, a lawyer must decide whether he wants to take the examination to become an attorney, a public prosecutor, or a judge. In England, the decision is between becoming a barrister or a solicitor. Barristers specialize in arguing cases in front of a judge and have the right to be heard, the right of audience, even in the highest courts. They are not paid directly by clients, but are employed by solicitors. Judges are usually chosen from the most senior barristers, and once appointed they cannot continue to practice as barristers. Solicitors do much of the initial preparation for cases which they then hand to barristers, as well as handling legal work which does not come before a court, such as drawing up wills, and dealing with litigation which is settled out of court. Solicitors also have a right of audience in lower courts, but in higher courts, such as the Court of Appeal, they must have a barrister argue their client’s case. In general, it can be said that barrister spends more of his time either in a courtroom or preparing his arguments for the court and a solicitor spends most of his time in an office giving advice to clients, making investigations and preparing documents.

Закончите предложение:
Barristers are employed by …

Common law is judge-made law. Law that exists and applies to a group on the basis of historical developed over hundreds of years. Because it is not written by elected politicians but, rather, by judges, it is also referred to as “unwritten” law. Judges seek these principles out when trying a case and apply the precedents to the facts to come up with a judgment. Common law is often contrasted with civil law systems which require all laws to be written in a code or written collection.
Правильным переводом подчеркнутого грамматического явления является …

Common law is judge-made law. Law that exists and applies to a group on the basis of historical developed over hundreds of years. Because it is not written by elected politicians but, rather, by judges, it is also referred to as “unwritten” law. Judges seek these principles out when trying a case and apply the precedents to the facts to come up with a judgment. Common law is often contrasted with civil law systems which require all laws to be written in a code or written collection.
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What is Common law often contrasted with?

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You: “Would you like to come to our party tomorrow?”
Fellow employee: “Er, thanks for the invitation, _______________”

Выберите реплику, наиболее соответствующую ситуации общения.
Student A.: «______________?»
Student B.: «Sure!»

Подберите слова, противоположные по значению
1. daytime
2. teacher
3. clean
4. bright

We ________ to hurry or we’ll be late.

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An electric cell is used to produce and supply electric energy. It consists of an electrolyte and two electrodes. Electrodes are used as terminals, they connect the cell to the circuit - current passes through the terminals and the bulb lights.
Cells can be connected in series, in parallel and in series-parallel. In order to increase the current capacity cells should be connected in parallel. In order to increase the voltage output cells should be connected in series. In case a battery has a large current capacity and a large voltage output, its cells are connected in series-parallel.
When cells are connected in series the positive terminal of one cell is connected to the negative terminal of the second cell, the positive terminal of the second cell - to the negative terminal of the third ... and so on.
When cells are connected in parallel their negative terminals are connected together and their positive terminals are also connected.
In case a cell has a trouble it stops operating or operates badly. This cell should be substituted by another one.

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_______ the morning we went to the museum.

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Employee: .Are there any vacancies in our department?.

Manager: .______________________________.

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The _____ extends both verbal and non-verbal communication.

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Unemployment among young people ______ constantly.

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Mrs. Sara Winchester of San Jose, California, was a very strange woman who built one of the world’s most unusual houses. When she died in 1922, aged 85, she was living alone in a house that had more than 150 rooms and covered an area of land greater than 2.5 hectares.
Mrs. Winchester’s problem was that she believed that if she stopped adding rooms to her house, she would die. Therefore, she employed workmen to keep on building and was happy only when she heard the sound of building. The house, when she bought it in 1884, was quite small, but 38 years later it was huge.
When she bought it, the house had two floors. By the time she died, it had eight. It had three lifts, 48 fireplaces and nine kitchens – none of which was ever used. In total, there were 2,000 doors and 10,000 windows. There were also miles of secret passages and tunnels that no one, not even Mrs. Winchester, knew how to get in to or out of.
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What was Mrs. Winchester’s problem?

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Types of Money
1. To be used as money, an item must have certain characteristics: durability (the ability to be used over and over again), portability (the ability to be carried from one place to another and transferred from one person to another), divisibility (the ability to be divided into smaller units), stability in value (people who save money are confident that it will have approximately the same value when they want to buy something with it as it had when they put it into savings), acceptability (people are willing to accept money in exchange for their goods or services). Money comes in all shapes and sizes. The items used as money are a reflection of the society in which they are used. Money as a rule includes coins, paper money, checks and near money.
2. Checks or checkbook money usually make up more than 70 percent of the nation’s money supply, and nearly 90 percent of the transactions in most countries are completed by writing checks. Because checks are payable to the holder of the check on demand, checking accounts are often called demand deposits. Checks are representative money because they stand for the amount of money in a person’s account. They are generally accepted because the bank must pay the amount of the check when it is presented for payment. Checks, therefore, are considered money because they are a medium of exchange, a standard of value, and a store of value.
3. Other financial assets are very similar to money. These assets, such as savings accounts and time deposits, are called near money and are not usually considered part of the nation’s money supply. Bills of exchange are examples of near money. Though they are easily accessible, these accounts cannot be used directly to buy goods or pay debts. Depositors, for example, cannot pay bills directly from their savings accounts. Since funds in these accounts can be easily converted into cash, however, they are considered near money.
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Paul insisted _____ visiting his parents.

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The most important form of early Russian art was the icon. There was a large amount of painting, much of which has been lost. The word “icon” means “image” in Greek, but in the Christian era the term was used for religious pictures of Christ and saints on a wooden panel. With the spread of Christianity in the Slav world icons were produced in large numbers and used to decorate churches, mostly placed on the iconostasis.
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What was the most important form of early Russian art?

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Your face seems familiar to me. We _____ have met somewhere.

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1. _____ Petrovs are our neighbours.
2. A friend in need is _____ friend indeed.
3. I like _____ tea with lemon.
4. She’ll return in _____ hour.

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Demand
1. One of the most important building blocks of economic analysis is the concept of demand. When economists refer to demand, they usually have in mind not just a single quantity demanded, but what is called a demand curve. A demand curve traces the quantity of a good or service that is demanded at successively different prices.
2. The most famous law in economics, and the one that economists are most sure of, is the law of demand. On this law is built almost the whole edifice of economics. The law of demand states that when the price of a good rises, the amount demanded falls, and when the price falls, the amount demanded rises.
3. It is not just price that affects the quantity demanded. Income affects it too. As real income rises, people buy more of some goods (which economists call normal goods) and less of what are called inferior goods. Urban mass transit and railroad transportation are classic examples of inferior goods. That is why the usage of both of these modes of travel declined so dramatically as postwar incomes were rising and more people could afford automobiles.
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When real income of population rises people buy …

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Hotel receptionist: “How can I help you?”
Employee: “_______________”

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Agroforestry
1. Agroforestry is an integrated approach of using the interactive benefits from combining trees and shrubs with crops and/or livestock. It combines agricultural and forestry technologies to create more diverse, productive, profitable, healthy land-use systems.
2. In agroforestry systems, trees or shrubs are intentionally used within agricultural systems, or non-timber forest products are cultured in forest settings. Knowledge, careful selection of species and good management of trees and crops are needed to optimize the production and positive effects within the system and to minimize negative competitive effects.
3. Agroforestry systems can be advantageous over conventional agricultural and forest production methods through increased productivity, economic benefits, social outcomes and the ecological goods and services provided. Biodiversity in agroforestry systems is typically higher than in conventional agricultural systems. Agroforestry incorporates at least several plant species into a given land area and creates a more complex habitat that can support a wider variety of birds, insects, and other animals. Agroforestry also has the potential to help reduce climate change since trees take up and store carbon at a faster rate than crop.
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In agroforestry high as well as low plants …

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Most people eat three meals a day – breakfast, lunch and dinner. Some eat a fourth meal, supper late at night. Its basic English tradition provides an extra light meal  served in the late afternoon. Its basic menu usually includes tea and special tea cakes or cucumber sandwiches.
Meals vary in different countries. Breakfast in the U.S. may include fruit or fruit juice, coffee, toast, and a choice of cereal or bacon and eggs. Many persons like pancakes with maple syrup for breakfast. Continental Europeans sometimes have an early breakfast of rolls and coffee or hot chocolate, and eat a second breakfast later on in the morning.

I saw a ticket on the floor next to a couple of tourists and asked them if it was...

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