Ответы на тесты по предмету Английский язык (18796 вопросов)

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. hot water bottle /bag
2. rubber heater
3. electric pad
4. heater

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. to give an injection
2. intravenous injection
3. intradermal injection
4. intramuscular injection

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. thermometer
2. temperature
3. to take temperature
4. thermometer readings

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. fracture
2. bone
3. joint
4. sterile

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. to lay
2. to loose
3. to cover
4. to call in

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. scarlet fever
2. chicken-pox
3. heart trouble
4. whooping-cough

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. mixture
2. tincture
3. pill
4. powder

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. every hour
2. on an empty stomach
3. before meals
4. after meals

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. hand
2. leg
3. shoulder
4. knee

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. bleeding
2. blood-transfusion
3. wound
4. limb

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. upper
2. lower
3. jaw
4. structure

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. dentist
2. dental nurse
3. dental mirror
4. dental forceps

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. collection
2. plant
3. root
4. leaf

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. tablespoonful
2. teaspoonful
3. laxative
4. sedative

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. surgical
2. surgeon
3. surgery
4. operating room

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. gown
2. glove
3. swab
4. stitch

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. dressing
2. inoculation
3. syringe
4. solution

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. blood
2. blood circulation
3. blood pressure
4. body

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. test
2. case record
3. medical check-up
4. treatment

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. vein
2. gland
3. skin
4. temple

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. eye-sight
2. hearing
3. sense of smell
4. sense of touch

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. allergy
2. tonsillitis
3. insomnia
4. poisoning

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. heart attack
2. dizziness
3. to call a doctor
4. liver

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. ointment
2. sleeping pills
3. plaster
4. pain killer

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. bandage
2. cotton-wool
3. eye drops
4. gargle

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. metal frames
2. shell frames
3. smoked glasses
4. sunglasses

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. side
2. hip
3. chest
4. lungs

Выберите соответствия между английскими словами и выражениями и их русскими эквивалентами
1. runny nose
2. flu
3. cramp
4. dislocation

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The flesh from the cattle over 6 months of age is beef and from younger cattle is veal. Beef is a nutritious food having approximately 25 % protein and rich in essential acids, B vitamins, and minerals. The primary products of swine are pork, lard, hides, and innumerable by – products. Pork is more successfully cured and stored than any other meats.

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Fresh red meats are refrigerated. Cured meats such as ham, bacon and sausage contain chemical preservatives (salt, nitrate, nitrite) but are, in addition, heat processed and stored under refrigeration. Fresh and cured meats are also canned. With severe heat processing a shelf – stable product is produced. In certain products stability is achieved in part through other processes: fermentation, drying, smoking and impregnation with vinegar.

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The manufacture of meat products can be grouped as follows: cured and picked; cured and smoked; tenderized fresh; frozen and canned. The manufacture of meat products includes those processes which prepare the product for consumption and increase the stability, improve the texture, colour and appearance of various meat items.

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Cured meats are those which have had combined with salt, sodium or potassium nitrite. Sugar and spice are optional ingredients. The salt functions as a preservative while the nitrite and nitrate combine with the meat pigments to form fairy stable coloured compounds.

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The category of cured, smoked and cooked meats is a broad line of sausage products such as frankfurters and bologna which differ from cured and picked meats in that they are prepared from finely chopped meat to which salt, sugar, spices and flavourings have been added. They may also include such items as cereals, milk powders, protein hydrolysates and other substances.

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Fluid milk for commercial distribution is usually pasteurized, that is subjected to the temperature of 61,70 C for at least 30 min or 71,70 C for 15 sec. and then cooled and bottled. The importance of safety and cleanliness is stressed in the dairy industry. Milk may also be condensed or evaporated, dried, powdered or separated into skim milk and cream.

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Ice cream is the frozen product made from a combination of milk products (cream, butter, or milk – either whole or evaporated, condensed, skimmed, or dried) and two or more of the following ingredients: eggs, water and sugar with flavouring and colouring matter. In the manufacture of ice cream, freezing is accompanied by agitation of the ingredients to avoid crystallization and to incorporate air for proper texture.

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Confectionery industry has a long history. It starts with the discovery of honey. Chopped fruits and nuts mixed with honey was the first confectionery item in the world. When in the middle ages cane sugar was brought to Europe it was used for the production of sugar sweets.

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Confections are divided into several large groups: hard candies, chewy confections, aerated confections and chocolate candies. Common sweeteners used in confections are refined crystalline cane or beet sugar, liquid sugar, corn syrup, starch, honey and some others.

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Drying, salting, cold storage, freezing, bottling and canning are methods used to preserve vegetables and fruit. If foods are kept for a few days in the air, they spoil because of the action of yeasts, bacteria and other types of microorganisms. Food preserving methods destroy these organisms or prevent their re – entry or slow down their growth.

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It was not until 1930 that people could keep food fresh for a long time. They did this by freezing it.
Clarence Birdeye was the first person to sell frozen food. He had watched fishermen catching fish in the coldest part of Canada. The fish came out of the water and frozen in the cold air. Months later, these frozen fish were still fresh, and the fishermen could cook and eat them. Mr. Birdeye started a freezing company with some friends. He put fresh vegetables into large boxes of water. Then he put the boxes in a large freezer.
At first the frozen foods did not sell very well. Many people did not have anywhere to keep them because they did not have fridges. Also the price was high. However, when more people had fridges, frozen foods become more popular and people did not have to pay so much for them. By 1933, there were 516 shops selling frozen foods.

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Coca-Cola is one of the most popular soft drinks in the world. Dr. John Pemberton first made in Atlanta, America, in 1886. Dr. Pemberton was not a real doctor but he sold syrups to people who were ill. He made his first Coca-Cola drink with syrup and soda water. He gave it to his friends to try. They liked it but asked him to make it even better.
Although Dr. Pemberton’s drink was 99% sugar and soda water, 1% of it was coca leaves and cola nuts (that is why he called the drink ‘Coca-Cola’) and some other things. Dr. Pemberton would not tell anyone what these things were. He kept them a secret. The drink did not sell well at first so he sold the secret. Two years later, he died.
In 1892, Asa Candler bought the secret and started The Coca-Cola Company.
Today, The Coca-Cola Company is one of the largest companies in America.

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Levi Strauss was in Bavaria in Europe in 1829. He moved to America when he was 17 years old. He went there to look for gold.
Strauss took a lot of cloth with him to San Francisco. When he got there, he saw that people needed clothes. Clothes did not last very long in the gold fields. He decided that he would stop looking for gold and would only make pants. He opened a small shop and made a lot of money from selling pants.
Strauss found a strong cloth. It came from a town in France called Nimes. The French called it ‘serge de Nimes’. The Americans called it ‘denim’. Strauss also bought some cloth from Genoa, a town in Italy. To Americans this name sounded like ‘jeans’ so they called his pants ‘jeans’. The cloth Strauss used was always  blue so people called his pants ‘blue jeans’ and ‘blue denims’. Other people called them ‘Levi’s’.

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When the first men and women had to travel over cold ground, hot deserts, and hard stones, they covered their feet with animal skins and leaves. They cut the skins and leaves and then sewed them together. Then they tied grass and skins around their feet to keep the shoes in place.
Later, people who lived in hot countries made sandals to keep their feet clean and cool. There were many different kinds of sandals. Poor people wore very cheap ones but rich people sometimes put jewels in theirs. In cold countries people wore shoes made out of sheepskin. Today, many people still wear sheepskins shoes because they are so warm.

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Before machines were invented, shoes like the ones we wear today took a long time to make. In 1846, Elias Howe made a strong sewing machine, and then, in 1858, Lyman Blake changed this machine so it could sew shoes. In 1875, Goodyear Welt made a new machine for making shoes quickly. It was called the Goodyear Welt sewing machine. With this machine Goodyear made cheap shoes from rubber. Nowadays we remember Goodyear because he has made other things with rubber.
Today, people wear shoes made from animal skins, cloth, rubber, and plastic. Shoes have come a long way from the first skin and leaf shoes – and with new machines, they will change a lot more.

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Probably since the time of the first humans, people have eaten honey made by bees. For many thousands of years, they took the honey from bees’ nests in trees without understanding very much about the lives of bees. Slowly, however, people realized that it would be simpler to keep bees than to have to try to find their nests. At first they kept them in hollow parts of trees or small clay containers which they hung from the trees. Nowadays in most countries they are kept in wooden hives.

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Most Arab beekeepers look after their bees in the same way that Egyptian beekeepers looked after theirs almost 5,000 years ago. The earliest known record of Egyptian beekeeping dates the time of the Old Kingdom (about 2,500 BC). There is also a wall painting from the Middle Kingdom in a tomb at Luxor, painted in about 1,800 BC. This shows clearly a beekeeper taking honey from the back of a hive while his assistant blows smoke into it to make the bees move to the front.
Perhaps the main reason that there have been so few changes to the way people keep bees in Egypt is that beekeeping has always been a family industry with fathers passing the knowledge to their sons. The bees, too, have not changed and neither has what they eat, so there has been little need to change the way of caring for them or the way of removing the honeycombs from hives.

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Over 20 million people are employed in the coffee industry. They grow and sell enough coffee beans for 400,000,000 cups of coffee a year. Coffee is worth more money than any other industry in the world except oil. In Brazil alone, about 3,000,000 coffee plants are looked after every year.
The story has it – though no one really knows the truth – that coffee was discovered in the country known today as Ethiopia. A man called Kaldi who was looking after his goats noticed that his goats were very energetic after eating a certain kinds of berry. He decided to try the berries himself and found that they gave him a lot of energy. When some priests heard about this, they dried the berries then made them into a drink with water. Coffee was born!

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It was in Turkey, however, that the coffee drink we know today was first made. Two Syrian businessmen brought the beans to Istanbul in 1555. The Turks heated the beans over a fire, crushed them and then boiled them in water. Coffee drinking became an important part of Turkish life, rather like the way tea did in Japan. Also, whereas in Western nations a man often chose a woman to be his wife because she was a good cook, in Turkey men often tested the coffee made by a woman before they thought seriously about marrying her.

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By the 18th century century coffee had become an important part of European life as well. In England, in particular, the coffee houses of London became important meeting places for writers and men working in the government.
In some ways Turkish coffee is similar to the espresso coffee in Italy – it is dark and strong and drunk from small cups. However, it is made in a completely different way, and sometimes a spice called cardamom is added. Turkish coffee is served from a pot called a ‘cezve’. In the same way that in tea-drinking nations some people tell fortunes from looking at what is left of the coffee in the cup.

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There are different stories about the beginning of Uncle Sam, but that one Congress officially recognized in 1961 is the story that follows.
Samuel Wilson was born in Arlington, Massachusetts in 1766. He fought in the Revolutionary War with his father and brothers. When the war was over, he moved to Troy, New York. He started a meatpacking business and was well-respected in the community. During the war of 1812, Sam Wilson supplied meat to the U.S. Army in barrels marked U.S. Then asked what the U.S. stood for, one of Wilson’s workers said, Uncle Sam Wilson, the meatpacker. The story gained popularity when it was printed. Soon many things labelled U.S. were being called Uncle Sam’s, not just meat!
After the war, Uncle Sam became the symbol of the nation. People drew him and dressed up like him. Uncle Sam is a U.S.’s symbol that is middle recognized all over the world.

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Shoes should be bought with the idea that they are made to protect and support the feet. They should be chosen for shape, fit and the quality of the material. Size is no guarantee that shoes will fit, and people should choose shoes that follow the shape of the foot. Only with properly fitting shoes will the wearer avoid the pain of having the small bones of the foot pushed out of place.

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A department store is a store which sells many different kinds of goods, each in a separate department. Modern department stores serve the needs of entire families. People enjoy shopping in such stores because they can make all their purchases under one roof.
The typical department store occupies one large building, with separate departments located on a number of floors. A number provide special services, such as a travel agency or optician’s.
Different stores employ hundreds of people for different jobs. Employees buy, price, and sell the goods. The sales promotion manager and his staff promote the sale of merchandise through advertising and other techniques. The comptroller heads the section that keeps records and manages the store’s financial affairs. The personnel staff hires employees and handles other employment problems.

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Every country has its drinkable habits. Most countries also have a national drink. In England the national drink is beer, and the pub is a peculiarly English institution. At tables round of usually not very large room people will be sitting and in front of each person you will see a pint or half-pint mug of beer or fruit juice. This room is called the bar, but the same term is used for the great counter of polished wood dominates one end of the room. At their bar people will be standing again with a drink, either in their hand or on a beer-mat. From time to time they will make a sip – for Englishmen sip their drinks – and then put down the mug to continue conversation. There is a general atmosphere of warmth and cosiness. Comfort is essential, for here people do not drop in for a quick drink and go. They generally want to ‘make an evening of it,’ talking to friends or stranger, until closing time.

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Fishermen or sailors sometimes claim to have seen monsters in the sea. Though people have often laughed at stories told by seamen, it is now known that many of these ‘monsters’ are simply strange fish. Occasionally, unusual creatures are washed to the shore, but they are rarely caught at sea. Some time ago, however, a peculiar fish was caught near Madagascar. A small fishing –boat was carried miles out to sea by the powerful fish as it pulled on the line. Realising that this was no ordinary fish, the fisherman made every effort not to damage it in any way. When it was eventually brought to shore, it was found to be over 13 feet long. It had a head like a horse, big blue eyes, shining silver skin, and a bright red tail. The fish, which has since sent to a museum where it is being examined by a scientist, is called an oarfish. Such creatures have rarely been seen alive by a man as they live at a depth of six hundred feet.

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Praying mantids are a type of insect. They live in many parts of the world, including the rainforests of South America and deserts of Africa. They eat small insects and spiders but some big mantids eat small frogs and birds. Some mantids eat other mantids. They start with the head first so that they cannot get away.
Mantids come in many different colours. Some of them are very beautiful. The flower mantids from Africa look like flowers. Insects land on them to get food but, instead, the mantids eat them! Mantids live for five or seven years.

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Spring is here. The weather is getting better and it’s time to think about clothes!
This year, colours are brighter. Orange, yellow and red are more fashionable than dark colours. And the fashion this year is less casual and more formal than last year.
For boys, clothes are smarter. Jeans and trainers are ‘out’. Jackets, ties and shirts are ‘in’. Buy colourful shirts – polyester shirts are cheaper than cotton shirts. Ties are wide and very bright. Trousers are also wider this year and leather trousers are ‘in’ – they’re more expensive and less practical than jeans, but they’re trendier! T-shirts are OUT this year and earrings are worse.
For girls, this year is more colourful than last year. Bright cotton dresses and skirts are ‘in’. Skirts are longer and small leather boots are very fashionable. Sweatshirts are ‘in’ – they are bigger and more comfortable than jumpers. Jackets, white shirts and ties are also in. Buy red or yellow jackets to be really trendy. Jeans and short skirts are OUT this year!

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In 2000, there were large numbers of new products in Britain, e.g. foreign food (pizza, pasta, Indian food), and exotic fruits and vegetables, e.g. kiwi, ice cream was very uncommon in 1900, and there were no burgers, Coca Cola, yoghurt or olive oil. In 1900, food and health in Britain were bad – people lived on a diet of tea and bread. Malnutrition was common and there was terrible disease and infant mortality. The average height for men to go in the army was 1.50m. In 2000, health problems such as obesity and heart disease were caused by eating too much food and fat.

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Hogs are valued almost only as meat may be used in different ways.
There are two types of hog, namely the fat type and the bacon type.
The fat type of hog is more common in countries where corn is the principal hog feed.
Most of the fat-type hogs of the United States are grown in the great corn producing states. Bacon hogs cannot be produced in great numbers in such countries where the feed for the hog is more varied in character, and where the conditions are less favourable for producing the fat hog.
Generally speaking, the hog is an exceptionally economical producer of meat.

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One of the three major classes of 1______ products are fats and oils. Along with carbohydrates and proteins, fats and oils 2________ the energy requirements of man and animals. Fats are usually 3_______ as solid or plastic at ordinary temperatures. Oils are 4_______ at room temperatures. Fats and oils in the diet serve to increase palatability and enchance the flavour of foods.

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The two 1_______ groups are animal fats and vegetable oils. Butter is a special 2_______ product from milk. The vegetable 3_______ are pressed or extracted from a variety of plant seeds. Of primary importance as sources of edible oils are 4_______, sunflower, cotton seed, corn germ, olives, etc.

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Butter is a food fat product made 1_______ from milk or milk cream or both, with or without common salt and added colouring. Butter 2______ not less that 80 % milk fat. As a spread for bread in 3______ products and confections, butter is prized for the flavour that comes from the action of 4______ microorganisms on cream.

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Bread is 1______ food. Excellent bread can be made with flour, 2______, salt and water. Other ingredients may be added such as sugar, fat, 3______, milk, nuts and fruit. The first basic step in the production of bread is the 4_______ of the ingredients to form dough. This process takes place in mixers.

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1_______ are on most tables today. Modern methods of rearing and refrigeration have made birds of uniform quality available everywhere and we 2_______ them probably more than any other meat. Most people now buy 3_______ ones which are inexpensive and ready 4_______. You can buy whole birds or chicken pieces.

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Corn or maize was domesticated and 1_______by the native people of the New World when Christopher Columbus first 2_______ its shores. The cultivation of corn was of primary 3_______ to the daily diet of the Indians, who used it in 4________ a sort of bread, the tortilla.

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1_______ are versatile, easy to use, easy to digest and most people like them. Store them in a cool 2_______, larder or refrigerator. Brown or white eggs? The answer is that it does not matter, the difference is only in the eye of the beholder. In America they 3_______ extra for pure white ones, 4_______ do the same for dark brown. Boil them, scramble them, fry them with bacon, make an omelet, make mayonnaise.

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Smetana (sour - cream) is also an almost universal flavouring sauce. Smetana is 1_______ from cream and contains 2,5 % of protein , 20 – 40 % of 2_______, lactic acid. 3_______ is a dietary beverage made from cow’s milk, yeast and lactic acid bacteria. Ryazhenka is a sour milk product made from baked 4_______.

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The cacao is a tropical 1_______ that originated in Central and South America. It 2______ to a height of 5 to 8 m. The fruits are pods that are oblong and oval in 3_______ and 15 to 20 cm long. The 4______ weigh 500 – 600 g. Each pod contains about 40 to 50 beans arranged in five rows.

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For many centuries the only method of keeping fruit eatable between one harvest and the next was 1_______. The fruit, whole or cut in half was dried on trays in the 2_______. Today this 3_______ is still used in regions with good climates. Other methods were invented as early as the 1st century A.D, when figs were put in the oven to dry and now there are modern dries with 4_______ air circulated by machinery.

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The tomato was brought to Europe from Mexico in the 16th century. The Italian botanist Mattioli 1______ it “pomo d’oro”, or golden apple, because of the 2______ of tomato has during its ripening. So Italians call the 3________ “pomodoro”, the French, English, Spanish and German 4________ to use the name the Indians of Mexico gave it: “tomato” or “tomate”.

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It’s Saturday 1_______ and you are at the shops with your friends. You’ve been 2_______ all morning and you’re starving! But where are you going to eat? There’s a good chance that you’ll go to a 3_______ restaurant like Pizza Hut, Burger King or Wendy’s. The biggest problem is 4_______ one because there are so many.

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Some fast foods contain a lot of 1_______ and sugar. Some 2_______ experts believe that high-fat and 3_______ foods change children’s behavior. A recent survey in Japan found that badly behaved children ate more 4_______ than well-behaved children.

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The good news is that 1_______ is changing. It is becoming 2_______. Thai, Turkish, Japanese and Filipino fast food is becoming 3_______ in the United States. You can have a quick 4_______ in Elephant Jump (Thai), Jollibee (Filipino) or Yoshinoya (Japanese) if you don’t want pizza.

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Hamburgers, pizza and 1_______ are all kinds of food.
The words 2_______ and spaghetti come from the Italian language. Hamburger comes from German. English has lots of 3_______ words which come from other languages. Some others are 4_______ and cafй (from French) and cappuccino (from Italian).

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High-fat foods contain a lot of 1_______. High-sugar foods contain a lot of 2_______. We can use high to mean ‘a lot of’. Some other examples are:
3_______ is a very high-calorie 4_______.

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The hamburger first appeared at the World’s Fair in St Louis, USA, in 1904.
In 1930s and 1940s, restaurants such as Steak’s Shake, White Castle and Bob’s Big Boy sold burgers, 1_______ and milkshakes.
The first McDonald’s 2_______ opened in 1948 in San Bernardino, California.
By the 1970s, McDonald’s was as successful as 3_______ companies like General Motors and IBM.
In 2000, 4_______ to Disneyland bought over 4 million burgers, 1.6 million hot dogs, 3.4 million orders of chips and 5.5 million litres of  soft drinks.

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Jeans were first 1_______ California coal miners in the mid-nineteenth century. They were made out of a strong 2_______ called denim. For many years they were worn by miners, cowboys and other 3_______ men. Those work pants were known as 4_______ until the 1960s. This is when young people began to wear them.

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Jeans eventually become so popular that fashion designers started 1_______ them. If a nineteenth-century coal miner went into a jeans 2_______ today, he would be amazed at the range of styles. He could choose loose or tight jeans. He could choose straight legs or flares. He could also choose from blue, black or 3_______jeans. People used to buy jeans because they were practical. 4_______ they are an essential fashion item.

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While baseball caps have never gone out of 1_______, the days of only wearing your favourite team’s 2_______ are gone. Today the 3_______ of shapes, colours and design is 4_______. So if you want to buy a cap, you may need some help.

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If you want to stand out in the crowd, choose a 1_______ with some style. It could have the 2_______ of the brand on the front; or it could have a cool 3_______. It doesn’t 4_______ anything, as long as it’s different.

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From earliest times 1_______ are known to play an important part in everyday life of man. We know plants to provide us with 2_______, clothes, shelter and many other necessary things. We are still as dependent upon plants as primitive man was many thousand years 3_______. Great necessity caused primitive man to grow plants. And the 4_______ of plants is thought to be closely connected with the man’s progress. In order to grow plants man had to settle down and to begin building homes. Primitive men had few needs except food and clothing.

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Civilization has 1_______ man’s wants to a surprising extend. The man of today is no longer satisfied with merely having 2_______ to eat and house to live in. He wants raw 3________ which can be made into useful things and products.
Our food and clothing are produced directly or indirectly by plants. Many animals feed on plants and produce food and raw materials used by man. Without plant life neither 4_______ nor men will be able to live.
Many things we use in everyday life are made from plants. The paper we write on, the clothes we wear, the tables we sit at, all come from plants. Plants are used as timber in the making of furniture and as fuel. Many drugs are made from plants.

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Plant culture began a great many years ago. The most 1_______ plants in the world are said to have been grown 4,000 years ago.
There 2_______ very many species of plants. But the best known to most people are those that are useful to men. They are grown and cultivated by 3_______ and are called farm crops. These crops are used for many different purposes.
Some are used directly by man, some are consumed by animals, and others are used in industry and 4_______. We can certainly expect new uses to be found and the value of other plants to be discovered.

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Every green plant is a ‘factory’. It’s a sugar ‘factory’. It works from early day to dark every day, even on Sunday.
The 1_______ must have two things for making sugar: water and carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide comes from the air. It is one of the gases the air is made of. Water comes from the 2_______.
As soon as 3_______ from the ground gets to a leaf it goes all over the leaf. Water and carbon dioxide are put together to make sugar. Most factories run on electricity. The green factories run on sunshine.
After the plant has made 4_______, it makes the other kinds of food it needs.
Without green plants there wouldn’t be any sugar or any other food for men and animals. Green plants are the world’s most important ‘factories’.

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The digestive 1_______ consists of the mouth, the gullet, the stomach, the small intestine, and the large intestine. The mucous membrane of the 2_______ tract has glands in it. They secrete digestive fluids. 3_______ and sheep have much more complicated digestive tracts than other animals. Their 4_______ consist of four compartments. The horse, the pig and some other animals have a simple stomach. It consists of only one compartment.

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It is a cattle-breeding farm situated in the central 1_______ of our country. As one approaches the farm, forest gradually gives way to open countryside. One can see large fields and meadows of the farm. The 2_______ breeds different kinds of animals, the cattle being the leading type there. All the animals belong to high-productive breeds.
Most of the 3_______ of the farm is under the pastures. The main pasture grasses are alfalfa and clover. Cattle are pastured only in summer. In winter they are kept in cattle-sheds and fed with high-quality corn and grass 4_______ and legume hay. During the winter period breeders must pay great attention to the quality of the feed.

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1_______ is very important for farm animals. The necessary amount of water being unavailable, the cattle may be in poor condition. The 2_______ of water required by livestock depends on the nature of the feed, the size and the activity of the animal and the season. Milk containing about 87 per cent of water, dairy cows must 3_______ large quantities of water for the production of milk. A high-yielding 4_______ is given 8-10 gallons of water per day.

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The animal output of the farm has increased considerably over the last ten years, the area of the 1_______ land remaining the same. This nearly 100 per cent rise in production has been due to higher productivity achieved through increased 2_______. Nearly all the work on the 3_______ is done with farm up-to-date machines. Dozens of tractors, combine harvesters and other machines work in the fields of the farm. 4_______ milking machines are used to milk the cows. The number of farm machines has increased almost three times as compared with that ten years ago.

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Tomorrow’s Farm. Agricultural research aims not only at increased quantity but at improved quality, not only at mass production, but at efficient production. Here are the most important changes that will take place on tomorrow’s farm.
It will be a very large ‘factory farm’. It will be 1_______ automated. The 2_______ will be able to produce food and other products with the quality wanted by consumers, at the times these products are needed, more or less independent of weather.
Plant height, rate of 3_______ and date of ripeness will be almost completely controllable. Crops will be changed in size and in other ways to make them easier to 4_______ and harvest by machines.

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Tomorrow’s Farm. Agricultural research aims not only at increased quantity but at improved quality, not only at mass production, but at efficient production. Here are the most important changes that will take place on tomorrow’s farm.
Soil will be given uniform, required properties – physical, chemical and 1_______.
If the 2_______ is situated in a dry area improved water management will increase its production. For instance, 3_______ canals will be lined to prevent seepage; ponds will be covered with chemical film to prevent evaporation. Improvements in the animals’ feed will result in producing better meat.
When the farm’s produce is ready for 4_______, special instruments will carry out control on its quality.

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Break up the goat’s cheese, peeling if necessary and leave it to stand in a warm place. Bring the whipping cream to the boil, sprinkle on the gelatin and lemon juice and whisk for at least 1 min until the gelatin has fully dissolved. Add to the goat’s cheese, together with the cracked black pepper and chopped herbs and mix thoroughly.
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In what place do we leave the goat’s cheese?

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In a small bowl, mash an egg with the fork and add curry powder, mayonnaise, salt and pepper to taste. Mix thoroughly. Divide equally over both slices of bread. Arrange asparagus spears at the edge of each slice and roll up to enclose filling. Wrap the rolls in plastic and chill for an hour or so. Using a very sharp knife cut each roll into 4 minirolls.
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What knife do we use for cutting each roll?

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Combine mayonnaise and mustard and spread thinly over bread. Divide ham and cucumber slices equally over 2 slices of bread. Cover with lettuce leaves. Top with 2 more slices of bread, mayonnaise side down. Place cheese, tomato slices and chicken or turkey on top. Cover with lettuce and enclose with the last 2 slices of bread, to make 2 sandwiches.
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What greens do we use in this recipe?

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In a small bowl thoroughly combine turkey, chili powder, garlic and salsa. In a medium non – stick skillet stir the turkey mixture over medium heat until cooked. Add salt and pepper to taste. Cool. Spread tortillas with diet mayonnaise. Divide turkey, broccoli and cheese over tortillas. Top with extra salsa and roll up to enclose filling. Cut the roll in half diagonally.
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 What does the cook add to taste?

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Melt the butter in a saucepan and add the sliced onion. Fry gently until soft but not brown, then add the Stilton. Stir with a wooden spoon until the cheese melts to form smooth cream. Add the flour and cook for further 5 min, stirring continuously. Add the stock, bay leaf and seasoning and bring to the boil, stirring. Simmer for 20 min. Remove the bay leaf, taste and check seasoning, then add the cream and serve at once.
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How many minutes do we simmer the stock?

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Heat the oven to 200 0 C. Put the flour in a bowl and rub in the butter, until it forms fine crumbs, season well and stir in cheese. Blend the egg yolk with the water and add to the pastry to form dough. Roll out to 0.60 cm. thick and cut into straws about 6.25 cm. long and 0.60 cm. wide. Place on a greased baking sheet, twisting if liked and bake in the oven for about 10 to 15 min until light golden brown. Ответьте на вопрос
What does the cook blend the egg yolk with?

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Combine 100 g. butter with 2 tbsp fresh chopped herbs. Spread over slices of thin sliced white bread with the crusts removed. Any butter not used can be stored in the refrigerator until another day. Roll up the slices of bread into a thin sausage and cut into slices. Grill or bake until crispy. Allow 3 min under the grill and about 10 min in the oven.
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What ingredients do we combine?

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Combine the all stuffing ingredients. Fill the cavity of the chicken with stuffing and secure with a toothpick. Brush the chicken with extra melted butter. Place the chicken on a rack, breast – side down, for 16 – 18 min. Turn over, cook for further 16 – 18 min.
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Where do we place the chicken?

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Mix parsley, basil, tarragon, dill, mustard powder, paprika, salt and pepper, sesame seeds and 1/3 of butter together in a small bowl. Using a sharp knife, lift the skin back from the chicken drumsticks. Spread a tea – spoon of the herb mixture between the skin and the chicken. Brush the chicken with the remaining butter, coat with biscuit crumbs. Place on a rack, cook for 13 – 15 min, turning over halfway through cooking.
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What kind of meat do we use in this recipe?

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Mix all the ingredients except the crab meat. Add the crab and toss lightly. Chill for at least 1 hour, put into a frying pan and dust with flour. Sautй in clarified butter over medium heat until golden brown on each side. Serve hot.
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What meat do we except during mixing all the ingredients?

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Combine mayonnaise, flour, salt and pepper. Gradually add milk; cook, stirring constantly, over medium – low heat until thickened. Stir in parsley, lemon juice and basil. Place the fish in a greased shallow baking dish; season with salt and pepper. Bake at 180 0 C for 10 min. Serve with the mayonnaise mixture.
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What mixture do we use in this recipe?

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Scientists think that many – perhaps most – animals cannot see colours. The world is black and white to them.
To find out if dogs could see colours, scientists gave dogs food every time they played a certain piece of music. The dogs got ready to eat only when they heard this piece of music. They did not get ready to eat when they heard other pieces of music.
Then the scientists gave the dogs food every time they showed them a certain colour. The dogs got ready to eat when they saw this colour. The scientists then showed the dogs another colour. Again the dogs got ready to eat. The colours were all the same to them.
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What did scientists play every time when they gave dogs food?